Witchcraze: The context of the Reformation Flashcards
When was Christianity introduced to England?
597AD
Introduces reading and writing, the Catholic Church remains powerful throughout the Medieval period
Who was the ‘original reformer’?
John Wycliffe, an Oxford Scholar who challenged the Catholic Church and inspired Martin Luther in Germany
What was the Act of Uniformity?
1559, an attempt by Queen Elizabeth to bring religious stability
People could believe what they wanted but had to attend a Church of England
Which group was created out of the need to go further in the Reformation?
The Puritans
What was the impact of the gunpowder plot on religion in Stuart England?
increased intolerance towards Catholics
Plotters brutally punished to make an example of them
Priests who were involved were fined and embarrassed
Catholics forced to take an oath of allegiance
What was the impact of the English Reformation on Stuart Society?
-what 3 events evidenced an intense intolerance of the Catholic faith
The Gunpowder Plot:
The Overthrow of Charles I and James II:
People moved and colonised America:
impact of The Gunpowder Plot:
This worsened the intolerance and was a contributing factor to the religious tensions in Pendle (1612)
impact of The Overthrow of Charles I and James II:
Charles I and James II had strong Catholic sympathies, both Kings were removed from power
This revealed the extent to which Catholicism was not tolerated, and also tightened procedures around parliament and ruling England.
2 pieces of evidence that Protestantism is established as the religion of England and is implemented across the country
The King James Bible (1611):
The Act of Uniformity (1662):
Protestantism is established as the religion of England and is implemented across the country
The King James Bible (1611):
There had been many translations during the 1500s, but no consistent message
The first time that a monarch had ordered the translation of the Bible, it reinforced the establishment of Protestantism as England’s religion
Protestantism is established as the religion of England and is implemented across the country
The Act of Uniformity (1662):
There was an attempt to pass an Act of Uniformity, but this wasn’t successful.
This suggests that the religious changes were easily reversed by other changes in society and the monarch was responsible for implementing the religious policy
People continue to explore different interpretations of the Bible and new ‘sects’ are established
Puritanism
Puritanism:
believed the Church of England was too similar to the Roman Catholic Church
Originated during the 1500s but increased in size during the early 1600s
Cambridge University became an unofficial center for their ministerial training, and many were involved in the King James Bible translation
A driving force in Parliament against King Charles I, voted for him to be beheaded
Large numbers left England and set up colonies in America, the first being Massachusetts in 1630
impact of puritanism
They were instrumental in dictating the doctrine of the English Church during the 1600s
They indirectly led to the temporary removal of England’s monarchy
Their presence in America was notable at the time, and the effects are still felt today (FDR)
evidence that The practice and traditions of going to Church and believing in God remained, but some people considered other explanations
william harvey
William Harvey (1578-1657):
An English physician who believed that the blood was pumped around the body by the heart
The Church had previously taught that the liver produced blood and it was burnt up
evidence that The practice and traditions of going to Church and believing in God remained, but some people considered other explanations
impact
Both individuals marked a turning point in how the world was understood- not just in biology and physics, but other disciplines as well.
