Wine Making & Viticulture Flashcards
What is “Cap and Drain”? Explain.
It is the saignée Method for making rosé wines.
Harvested, crushed and short maceration; once the cap starts to float the grape must is removed for alcoholic fermentation.
Name major steps of Winemaking.
Crushing-Maceration-Fermentation-Aging-Bottlling
What is maceration?
The contact of grapes juice with skins before fermentation.
What are the methods for fermentation control?
Temperature Control
Limit Oxygen exposure
Add SO2
Warmer fermentation temperatures help the extraction of __, __, __.
Color
Tannin
Flavour Compounds
What is MLF?
Malolactic fermentation
What causes Malolactic fermentation?
Lactic acid bacteria
What is Mutage?
Addition of high degree alcohol to stop fermentation
Name the ways of stopping alcoholic fermentation
Mutage
Cold Stabilization
Filtering
SO2
What are the Sparkling wine making methods?
Traditional (Champagne)
Charmant (Tank)
Ancestral
Carbonation
What is “élevage”?
The process of aging after fermentation
What is “Bâtonnage”?
Stirring the settled yeast back into the wine
What is Racking?
Transferring the must to different vessels leaving the sediment.
What is the French term for Racking?
Soutirage (sutiraj)
What is the French term for Fining?
Collage (kolaj)
Name three Fining agents
Egg White Bentonite Casein Gelatin Isinglass
What is the name of the yeast causing Brett?
Brettanomyces bruxellensis
Name descriptors of Brett;
Band-Aid (Yarabandı)
Clove (Karanfil)
Barnyard (Ahır)
What is a Clone?
Identical genetic reproduction of a single vine with different characteristics
Name major methods of vine training.
Head Training
Cordon Training
What are head-training methods?
Gobelet and Bush methods
What is VSP short for?
Vertical Shoot Positioning
Explain the difference between VSP and Geneva.
In VSP the cordon is trained on the bottommost wire and shoot/canes grow upwards. In Geneva Cordon is trained on the topmost wire and the shoot/canes grow downwards.
What are the major benefits of VSP?
Sunlight Exposure
Aid Rot prevention
Efficient Harvesting
