Wine Faults Flashcards
When can yeasty or leesy fault occur?
when dead yeast cells remain in contact with wine too long & caused pronounce aroma of yeast
Where is the use of mercaptan helpful?
it is added to odorless natural gas to help people detect a leak
What term is used with the fault evidenced by VA accompanied with high level of ethyl acetate?
ascensence
What is the aroma associated with the “stemmy” fault?
bitter, green odor of grape stems
What forms as a combination of sulfur and ethanol?
ethyl mercaptan
What five faults occur due to bacteria?
- acetic acid
- butyric acid
- lactic acid
- ethyl acetate
- geranium
What term is associated with the aroma of white vinegar caused by acetic acid?
volatile acidity (VA)
What is the aroma associated with lactic acid?
sauerkraut or a goat
What is the aroma associated with the “stagnant” fault?
stale water odor
What is the aroma associated with ethyl acetate
fingernail polish remover or model airplane glue
What is the aroma associated with butyric acid?
rancid butter or spoiled cheese
How does the maderized fault occur?
excessive heating or oxidation
What causes the geranium fault?
incomplete malolactic fermentation or the improper breakdown of the preservative sorbic acid
What are three results of oxidations?
- nutty, caramelized character
- lack of fruit character
- browning
What is the aroma associated with TCA?
dank basement
What causes the green fault?
the use of immature/underripe grapes
What is the aroma associated with acetic acid?
vinegar
Define oxidized.
Oxygen from the air will physically dissolved in the exposed wine.
What is the aroma associated with mercaptan?
garlic or onions
What is the rubbery fault associated with?
low-acid wines or excess sulfur
What 3 faults occur from sulfur compounds?
- sulfur dioxide (SO2)
- hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
- mercaptan
What is the aroma associated with sulfur dioxide?
burnt matches
What is the aroma associated with the “maderized” fault?
cooked or baked odor
What are reductive conditions?
conditions that lack oxygen
Which bacteria is responsible for malolactic fermentations?
lactic bacteria
What is the full name for TCA?
2,4,6-trichloroanisole
Where does the moldy fault come from?
the use of moldy grapes or barrels
What is the incidence of a musty, moldy odor in wine?
corked or cork taint
Why do some wines smell of rotten eggs?
They have sat too long in the complete absence of oxygen.
Define reduction/reductive.
term referring to a smell of rotten eggs, garlic, struck matches, cabbage, or burnt rubber
What bacteria converts alcohol into acetic acid?
acetobacter
What two bacterias can survive in the acidic wine environment?
- lactic bacteria
2. acetobacter
What is the aroma associated with Brett?
sweaty, horsy, medicinal, or Band-aid
What is the aroma associated with hydrogen sulfide?
rotten eggs
What causes cork taint?
mold
What percentage of bottles of wine suffer from TCA each year?
1-8%
Why do some wines smell of burnt matches?
high concentrations of sulfur dioxide
What is the aroma associated with the “green” fault?
leaves
What is the wet cardboard fault associated with?
cork taint of misuse of filtering materials
What is Brett?
yeast than can infect winery or wines
What is “Brett” short for?
Brettanomyces
What is another name for “corked”?
cork taint
What is the aroma associated with geranium
crushed geranium leaves
Where does the mold that causes corked wine grow?
cork oak tree bark, winemaking implements, or winery
What is TCA?
the chemical produced from interaction of mold and other compounds that causes a wine to be corked
T/F The more acidic the wine, the less pronounced the sulfur dioxide will be.
false
