Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

D4 > Wine Business > Flashcards

Wine Business Flashcards

1
Q

Who regulates the title “Champagne”?

A

Comite Interprofessionnel du Vin de Champagne
CIVC
Known as Comite Champagne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Oldest style of champagne?

A

Still pink wine from Pinot Noir

Slightly fizzy wines started to occur naturally, popular in English market

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was Dom Perignon’s contribution to Champagne?

A

Producing first white wine from black grapes
Invented Coquard Press
Re-introduced cork stopper to France
Pioneered the stronger, English glass for bottling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was Veuve Clicquot’s contribution to Champagne?

A

Riddling (remuage) using pupitres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When was controlled secondary fermentation introduced?

A

Nineteenth century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When was dry Champagne introduced?

A

Late 19th century following disgorgement techniques

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Current determining factor in grape prices in Champagne?

A

Moet & Chandon setting the trend

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many villages are ranked in echelle des crus, and what is their quality rating?

A

17 grand cru (100%)
42 premier cru (90-99%)
257 villages (80-89%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many champagne growers, and how much do they own? How many champagne houses?

A

16000 growers owning 90% of vineyards

340 houses own 10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is NM in Champagne?

A

Negociant Manipulant
Houses that buy grapes, must, or wine
Wine made on their property and sold under their label

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is RM in Champagne?

A

Recoltant Manipulant
Grower-Champagnes
Make champagne from their own vineyards under their own label

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is CM in Champagne?

A

Cooperative de manipulation

Co-ops that make Champagne under their own label from members grapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Two largest Champagne groupings?

A

LVMH: owns Moet & Chandon, Dom P, Mercier, Veuve, Ruinart, Krug
Vranken Pommery Monopole: Vranken, Pommery, Monopole Heidsieck Charles Lafitte, Bissinger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Champagne export/domestic numbers, and by type?

A

50%/50% total
87% of exports from houses (vs. 73% total share)
Co-ops even split
Growers sell mostly domestic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is supply/demand controlled in Champagne?

A

Comite Champagne controlling base wine yields
Managing reserve wine usage
Possibility of expanding Champagne AOC
Repositioning away from value market; premiumization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Factors influencing price of Champagne?

A 
Demand for higher price
Rising prices of grapes (6.10eu/kilo)
Aging times (ex. Vintage)
Higher rated vineyards
Red wine use (rose)
Oak use
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Factors making up cost of bottle?

A

Grapes - 50%
Production costs - 30%
Marketing/advertizing - 20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Current trends in Champagne?

A

Increased demand for Brut Nature/Extra Brut + Demi Sec
Intention for drinking over ice/cocktails
Increased demand for Rose Champagne
Increased demand in single-vineyard
Increased interest in grower champagnes outside domestic market

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many producers of Cremant d’Alsace, and what % of total Alsace wine is Cremant?

A

500

25% of total production and rising (15% more cremant over 10 yrs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Important regulation for growers in Cremant d’Alsace?

A

Must declare which vineyards will make Cremant in July

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Most common type of producer in Cremant d’Alsace? Top producer?

A

Co-ops (43%)

Maison Bestheim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Volume of Cremant d’Alsace, and how much is exported?

A

Doubled in volume from 2000-2014

20% export and growing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is Emotion?

A

Top quality category for Alsace sparkling established in 2012
Min. 75% Pinot Blanc/Pinot Noir/Chard, 24mo lees
So far, not popular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Production of Cremant de Bourgogne?

A

10% of total Burgundy production
Grown by 33% in a decade
170000hL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Important regulation for growers in Cremant de Bourgogne?

A

Must declare which vineyards will make Cremant by the end of March

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Most common type of producer in Cremant de Bourgogne, and why?

A 
Merchant houses (2/3)
Co-ops remainder

Due to high investment costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Significant producers of Cremant de Bourgogne?

A

Jean Charles Boisset

Louis Bouillot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Export % of Cremant de Bourgogne, and which to which markets?

A

40%

USA, Sweden, UK, Belgium, Germany

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Who sells Cremant de Bourgogne?

A

90% negociants/co-ops

90% of this is sold by 10 companies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Rules for Cremant de Bourgogne Eminent?

A

24 months on lees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Rules for Cremant de Bourgogne Grand Eminent?

A 
Brut only
36 months on lees, 3 years in bottle
Commonly vintage, but not required
Blanc: Pinot Noir and Chardonnay only
Rose: max. 20% Gamay
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Production in Cremant de Loire?

A 
500 producers
19 merchant houses
10 co-ops
112000hL, increasing
9 large houses account for 80% of production
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Important regulation for growers in Cremant de Loire?

A

Must declare which vineyards will make Cremant in July

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are the requirements of Prestige de Loire? When was it launched?

A 
White only
Chenin Blanc, Cab Franc, Chard, PN only
24 months on lees
Vintage dated
Brut
Sustainable viticulture within 5 years

2018

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Export % of Loire sparkling, and main markets?

A

50% exported

Germany, USA, UK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Production of Saumur and Vouvray sparkling?

A

Base wine sent to specialist (lack of equipment)

Final product sent back to producer for labeling/distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Best known specialist in Loire?

A

Berger Elaborateur in Saint-Martin-le-Beau

38
Q

Two largest Cava companies and their founding families? What % are they responsible for?

A

Freixenet - Ferrer
Codorniu - Raventos
75% combined

39
Q

When was Cava enacted into Spanish law? Who enforces?

A

1972
Began informally in 1960s
Consejo Regulador del Cava

40
Q

What are the four registers of the Consejo Regulador del Cava?

A

Growers
Producers of base wine
Storekeepers of base wines
Cava producers

41
Q

Cava laws in regards to bottling location?

A

Wine can be moved at each stage and documented within the proper register

42
Q

What is Cevipe?

A

The primary co-op in Cava - 55 million kilos sold to producers

43
Q

Export % of Cava, and to what top markets?

A

67% exported

Germany, Belgium, UK, USA

44
Q

Total Cava production? Current trend?

A

250 million/year

currently plateau

45
Q

What is the new Cava initiaive? When was it introduced, and what are the requirements?

A 
Cava de Paraje Calificado - 2017
Single estate, produced by estate owner
Min. 10yr old vines
Cannot be acidified
Min. 36 months aging
Brut or lower
46
Q

What is Corpinnat, and when was it founded?

A 
A producer group using 100% organic grapes from Penedes - 2019
Hand-harvested
Vinified at the estate
90% local varieties
Three categories of aging
47
Q

What is Classic Penedes, when was it founded, and who are key producers?

A

DO Penedes made with certified organic grapes
Category founded in 2014
Min. 15 months on lees
Key producers: Albet I Noya, Loxarel

48
Q

What is the Rioja sparkling wine designation, and when was it implemented? Quality categories?

A

Espumoso de Calidad de Rioja - 2019
Crianza - 15 mo lees
Reserva - 24 mo lees
Gran Anada - 36 mo lees

49
Q

Importance of Traditional method in Italy?

A

4% of sparkling production in Italy

1/10th of Champagne production

50
Q

Describe a typical Prosecco:

A 
Light/med- intensity
Apple/pear
Light body
Medium/med+ acidity
Low/med alcohol
Extra dry most typical
Spumante or frizzante
51
Q

Requirements of Superiore Prosecco?

A

No additional

52
Q

Requirements of Prosecco?

A

Vintage - 85% must come from the vintage
Wine must be sold in bottle
No minimum aging

53
Q

Requirement of Rive?

A 
Rive + vineyard name on label
Rive = slop/steep hill (43)
Picked by hand
Harvested at lower yield
Vintage dated
54
Q

What is Cartizze, and what are the DOCG requirements?

A

Historic single-vineyard in Valdobbiadene
Lower yield
Spumante only
Fuller body

55
Q

Export % of Prosecco, and main markets?

A

75% exported; tripled 2004-2014
40% DOCG exported
UK, USA, Germany, Switzerland

56
Q

What Prosecco law was added in 2019?

A

Brut Nature

Extra Brut

57
Q

Production/growers in Prosecco?

A

Co-ops grow 50%+
Private companies bottle 75%+
32 companies produce 90%+

58
Q

How to obtain growth in Prosecco DOCG?

A

DOCG fully planted

Growth comes from higher quality/price

59
Q

Define Asti Metodo Classico?

A

Min. 9 months on lees

Dolce

60
Q

Who is responsible for the production of Moscato d’Asti?

A

60% produced by 4 companies, including Martini & Rossi

Smaller producers send their juice to a specialist for production under their own label

61
Q

Three categories of Asti

A

Moscato d’Asti, Asti Secco, Asti (Dolce)

62
Q

Export quantities and quantities made of Asti?

A

Moscato d’Asti - 30%; large market in USA

Asti - 70%; most sold in Europe

63
Q

Lambrusco DOC production?

A

25-30% of spumante

Remainder IGT Emilia

64
Q

Lambrusco DOC ABV laws?

A

Min. 11% Spumante, 10.5% Frizzante, 7% Dolce

65
Q

Lambrusco Frizzante sweetness scale? Spumante?

A

Frizzante: Secco/Asciutto, abboccato, amabile
Spumante: Same as other sparkling

66
Q

% Export of Lambrusco?

A

67%

67
Q

Grower/producer relationship in Lambrusco?

A

Co-ops common

Many small grower properties selling to large private wineries

68
Q

History of Riunite?

A 
Italy's largest wine company
Created in 1950 - merger of 9 co-ops
1800 members
Bought by Maschio in 2002, then GIV in 2008
50% export/Italy
69
Q

3 main Franciacorta producers?

A

Guido Berlucchi
Ca Del Bosco
Bellavista
Responsible for 1/3 of production

70
Q

Export of Franciacorta?

A

10% exported

71
Q

What is Giulio Ferrari’s contribution to bubbles?

A

First traditional sparkling with Chardonnay in Italy in 1902

72
Q

Producers in Trentodoc?

A 
Four producers make up 95%, 3 are co-ops
Ferrari by far the largest
Rotari (Mezzacorona)
Altemasi (Cavit)
Cesarini Sforza (La Vis)
54 producers total
73
Q

Trentodoc export?

A

20% export

Cavit exports 65%

74
Q

What is Flaschengarung? Klassische Flaschengarung?

A

“Bottle Fermented” - can be transfer method

“Classic bottle fermentation” - second fermentation in bottle only

75
Q

Main producers of Sekt and their contribution?

A

Rotkappchen-Mumm
Henkell & Co
Schloss Wachenheim
80% of production

76
Q

Export of Sekt?

A

Just over 10%

77
Q

What are the rules of VDP Sekt, and when have these changes occured?

A 
2018 - added into VDP
Fruit must be grown on VDP estate; fruit must be picked early by hand, whole cluster, and traditional method
2020 - VDP Sekt regulations added
NV - min 15mo lees
Vintage - min 24mo lees
Prestige - min 36mo lees
78
Q

When did traditional method sparkling begin in England/Wales?

A

Late 1980s

79
Q

Grapes in English PDO wines?

A 
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Pinot Noir Precoce (early ripening PN mutation)
Meunier
Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
80
Q

Significant producers of English sparkling?

A

Nyetimber (planted 1988)

Wiston Estate

81
Q

Export and plantings of English sparkling?

A

8% exported

2019 doubled plantings from 2018

82
Q

When can a US sparkling be called “Champagne”?

A

Brand established prior to 2006

Must include geographic origin (California Champagne)

83
Q

Trend for American Sparkling?

A

Decreasing, losing market share to exports (Prosecco)

84
Q

Main producers of Chilean sparkling?

A

Valdivieso
Vina Mar
Undurraga

85
Q

Trend of Chilean sparkling? Export?

A

Growing rapidly, especially domestically

1/3 exported - Japan, Columbia, and Brazil

86
Q

Trend of Argentinean sparkling? Export?

A

Boost after tax removal in 2005

Almost all drunk domestically

87
Q

What is Cap Classique?

A

Association of growers/producers in South Africa
Founded in 1992
Responsible for 90%+ traditional method sparkling
Working on two separate certified categories

88
Q

Trend in South African sparkling? Exports?

A

Doubling every 5 years

Graham Beck exports 50%, most exports low

89
Q

Trend in Australian sparkling? Exports?

A

Rise in Prosecco/Moscato/Pet Nat
Fall in Shiraz
Export demand is rising - 20% export

90
Q

Describe Australian Prosecco and its legality?

A

Grown in King Valley
Made in same tank method style
Labeled Prosecco domestically, but Glera on exports
First: Dal Zotto in 2004

91
Q

Export of New Zealand sparkling?

A

0.5% of total export

D4 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions