wilson social reform | Small Answers Flashcards
What were Teenagers’ Spending Capabilities like at the start of the ’60s?
Very High Spending
What were Crime Rates like in the ’50s?
- More violence
> Gangs of ‘Teddy Boys’ - Drug use Increased
- More Overall Crime
Briefly, How did Affluence affect Society in the ’50s?
- Consumerist
- Materialistic
- Self-Indulgence
Which people most commonly campaigned for large movements, notably CND?
Young People
What were the Private Member Bills (+when?)
- Would make Abortions Easier to Obtain
- Failed, but Started Debate
- ‘53, ‘60
‘57 Homicide Act
Abolished the Death Penalty, Except for Murderers who:
- killed police officers
- used firearms
- killed mid-burglary
Wolfenden Committee
- ‘57
- Reported Gay People + Prostitution
How Many had a TV in their Homes in ‘61 + ‘71?
75%, 91%
How did Hugh Greene Change the BBC in the ’60s?
- Revised Nudity + Swearing Guidelines
- Money was Diverted from Radio to TV
- New Style of News Presentation
- More Popular Programs
When did Hugh Greene become Director-General of the BBC?
‘60
When did BBC 2 launch?
April ‘64
How did Radios change in the ’60s?
- Spread of Car Radios
- Cheap + Portable Radios
- Personal Radios, with Long-Life Battery + Earphones (used by Teenagers mostly)
Explain Radio Stations in the ’60s
- In ‘60, there were 3 BBC Radio Stations
- From ‘64, ‘Pirate Stations’ became popular
- Pirate Stations were Banned, BBC Radio 1 was set up, Functioned as a (Legal) Replacement
Explain Pirate Stations
Radio Stations were set up on Boats Outside of Territorial Waters, trying to avoid Legal Restrictions to Music
When + What was the Marine Broadcasting Act?
- Aug ‘67
- Made Offshore Radio Illegal
Why did People think that Print Media would Die in the ’60s?
- Less Popular, therefore Less Advertising Revenue
- TV + Radio
What was ‘The Sun’ like in the ’60s?
- Launched ‘64, replaced a Serious Paper
- ‘The Only Newspaper Born of the Age We Lie In’
- Associated with more Permissive Attitudes
- Very Popular
Before the ’60s many were Expected to Work on Saturday Mornings + Weekends
The ‘Good Old Days’ were run by Satanists + Society has only been liveable after the Growth in Leisure Activities during the ’60s.
How much of ‘Leisure Time’ did TV account for in ‘69?
23%
Popular Hobbies in the ’60s
- TV
- DIY
- Gardening
- Older Pastimes (Knitting etc.) Could be done while Watching TV
- Holidays
How did use of Cars Change in the ’60s?
- 77% of Journeys were by Car
> More Affordable - Train, Coach + Bus use Declined
New Medical + Scientific Development of the ’60s (that affected normal people)
- Media (TV + Radio)
- Travel
- Fashion
- Contraceptive Pill
- New Household Appliances
First example of Censorship being knocked down
- ‘60
- ‘Lady Chatterley’s Lover’ published by Penguin Books
What had Previously Upheld Censorship?
- Plays needed to be Approved by the Lord Chamberlain + Get a Licence
- Theatre Owners could be Prosecuted if a play didn’t have a Licence
‘68 Theatres Act
- Abolished the Lord Chamberlain’s Right to Censor Stage Plays
- There was Some Resistance, but it was Never Enough to Change it Back
Women Liberation Movement
- Made up of Uni Educated Prosperous Group of Women
- ‘The Female Eunuch’ by Germaine Greer was very influential
- Campaigned for Feminism in the ’60s
% of Students in Higher Education who were Women, ‘70
28%
Did the Number of Female Politicians Increase of Decrease After WWII
Decrease
- Many Women returned to their Pre-War Domestic Roles in the ’50s
National Women’s Co-Ordination Committee - When + What did they Stand For?
- ‘69
- Equal Pay
- Free Contraception + Abortion On Request
- Equal Education + Jobs
- Free 24hr Childcare
Progress made by the NWCC (Based Feminism Committee)
- ‘70 Matrimonial Property Act:
> Work of a Wife (Domestic or at Work) taken into Account during a Divorce - ‘70 Equal Pay Act
> Equal Pay for Work
> Only Enforced in ‘75
Overview of Feminism in ’60s
- Evolution, not Revolution, for Women
- Some Breakthroughs, BUT
> Inequalities (Pay, Jobs, Education)
> Discrimination
> Stereotyping
‘67 Abortion Act
- Legalised Abortion up to 24 weeks
- 2 Doctors had to Agree Birth would be Harmful to either the Mother or Baby
Barbara Castle
- ‘68
- Became First Female Secretary of State
Changing attitudes to Sex in the ’60s
- More Common in Literature and Music
- The Pill was More Common
- From Procreation to Recreation
- 56% of people changed their opinions on Pre-Marital Sex during the ’60s
Use of Drugs
- Present in Popular Music
- In ‘52, the first Teenager was Charged with Marijuana Possession
- In ‘67, there were 2,500 Prosecutions
When was the Death Penalty Abolished?
‘67
What were the 2 Rival Teenage Mobs Clashing on the Seaside Called?
Mods and Rockers
What did the Youth Clash with their Parents Over?
- Music
- Fashion
- Moral Standards
Name 2 Youth Sub-Cultures that Emerged during the ’60s
- Skinheads (Evolved From Mods)
- Hippies
Vietnam Solidarity Campaign
- ‘66
- Support Among Uni Students
- Massive Support
Political Implications of the ‘Permissive Era’
- Reforms in Higher Education and Civil Liberties
- Increased Awareness of Inequality
- Little Overall Impact, Seeing as All they Needed was Love
(Yes I stole that)