Williams Control Of England Flashcards
What was the main way William gained control over England originally
Gave rewards to followers and enemies
Who are two of the main individuals William paid
Alan the red (made him the 5th richest in history with land worth 200 billion)
And the pope t9 thank h8m for his and gods support
What was one of Williams first military steps
Building a professional army, many of the English army before were untrained and unskilled
He paid them with a gelds tax
What was the names of the earldoms he created
The marcher earldoms
Wh6 did William need the support of some English royalty
Because he was afraid they would start a rebellion in the north
Who are two of the English earls William rewarded
Morcar of Northumbria and Edwin of Mercia
Who was one of the main revolts led by
Edwin and morcar
What year was the revolt led by Edwin and morcar
1068
Why did Edwin and morcar start a revolt against William (personal reasons)
Even though he gave them land, it was less than they had before
William had promised to marry Edwin’s daughter but after two years, still hadn’t
Why did Edwin and morcar start a revolt (societal reasons)
The Norman earls were brutal despite claiming they’d be nice, they were incredibly harsh on Anglo Saxon people, esp women
The Normans didn’t have to pay full tax to William whereas the English Saxon earls did
The taxes from Anglo Saxons were often used to empower and further strengthen the Norman’s
There was a very heavy tax in December 1066
What was Williams response to the revolt of Edwin and morcar
He sent his private army to Mercia and Northumbria
He realised his lack of Norman power in the north would be an issue to he sent a man named Robert cumin to watch over the north, causing later revolts
What was Williams response to Edwin and morcar
They were welcomed back into the kings court
Who proved the most significant resistance to William in 1069
Edgar ætheling
What was the first thing Edgar ætheling did in 1069
After fleeing to Scotland after the earls revolt in 1068 he gathered troops and marched back down south
What started Edgar æthelings rebellion
In jan 1069 robert cumin was killed leaving the north less under Norman rule
Furthermore in feb the governor of York was killed
What was Williams response to Edgar and the rebellions in the north
He killed rebel forces, destroyed York and built many more castles across the north of England
How many months after this was there another attempt to invade England and who was it by
7 months
King sweyn of Denmark
Who had allied together in September of 1069 to try and stop William
Edgar ætheling and king sweyn of Denmark
When did Edgar and sweyn try to invade England
Sept 21st 1069
What were Edgar and sweyns actions in the invasion
They laid siege to the York, killing thousands of Norman’s
This spurred other Anglo Saxons to act out too
What was Williams response to the guerilla war
The harrying of the north
What were some of the main reasons for the harrying of the north
William wanted revenge for Robert cumin
It was a response to the guerrilla war
To stop opposition forces from using the north as a base for attack
When did the harrying of the north take place
Winter time, between October 1069 and march 1070
What was the aim of the harrying of the north
To make it uninhabitable
