Why had internation peace collapsed by 1939 Flashcards
How did rearmament lead to the break down of peace
First Hitler did it in secret as away to solve unemployment but then protested how it was the only one which had to disarm so they left league of nations and made it known they were rearming, they even signed a naval treaty with Britain allowing germay to increase their navy to 35% the size of the british
how did remilitarisation of the Rhineland lead to break down of international peace
march 1936 Hitler takes a big gamble by remilitarising the Rhineland. France had just signed a treaty with Russia saying that they would both protect each other from attack from Germany
Hitler felt this was a threat on Germany and claimed he should be allowed to protect his frontier with France (he knew that people in Britain wouldn’t object to him doing that)
French didn’t react as they were about to have an election and didn’t want to risk getting in to a war with Germany and one of the leaders not being elected,
had they attacked Germany was weak and may not have caused too much damage
how did the Spanish civil war help lead to the break down of international peace
1936 civil war broke out in spain between the communists supports of the Republican party and right wing rebels lead by General Franco
and in 1937 Hitler used this as an opportunity to fight against communists by bombing and destroying large civilian populations. The league was powerless and look helplessly on at the destroyed citys in Spain
how did the Anti-comintern pact, 1936-37 lead to the break down of international peace
a pact which started with Japan and Germany, later joined by Italy was a pact against the spread of communist and meant anit communist international and it was aimed at the USSR
how did appeasement during the 1930s help lead to the break down of international peace
when britian signed a naval agreement in 1935 they spent the next 3 years following a policy of allowing Hitler to get what he wanted. Neither the British or the French army were ready to go to war and both sides rebreed vividly the horrors of the first world war. But the policy of appeasement allowed Hitler to build up his army and become more powerful. It also made Stalin feel threatened by Hitler as neither France or Britain was prepared to do anything in the event of Hitler attacking them
what was the Munich agreement
Chamberlin claimed it was peace for their time and it basically allowed Hitler all the Sudetenland in 1938
what did Hitler do in 1939 which angered many and led him to be untrusted thus ending appeasement
After saying he had no more aim to take of territory. on the 15th March 1939 with Czechoslovakia chaos he launched an attack to take over the rest of the country.
This made it clear that Hitler couldn’t be trusted and Britain and France made it clear that if Germany invaded Poland then they would declare war
How did the Nazi pact lead to the break down of international peace
Stalin had made constant attempts to get an alliance with Britain and France but to no success so he decided to start a pact between them and Germany and they both agreed to not attack each other and to also devide Poland between them
Stalin didn’t trust Hitler but he wanted time to build his army
when did war war start
on the 1st September 1939 Germany invades Poland
2nd September 1939 Britain and France both declare war on Germany
What were the conditions of the Treaty of Versailles
- War guilt
Germany had to except responsibility for starting the war - Reparations
decided without consulting Germany and the exact figure was not decided until 1921 two years after the treaty had been signed - German territories and colonies lost
lost all foreign territories and they were put under control of the league of nations (basically Britain and France) it also forbade Germany to join with Austria - German armed forces was limited
army limited to 100,000 men
conscription was banned- soldiers had to be volunteers
Germany wasn’t allowed armoured vehicles, submarines or aircraft
Navy could only have 6 battleships
The Rhineland became a demilitarised zone
What was the treaty of St Germain 1919
Dealt with Austria
Austria split from Hungry
land was lost to Czechoslovakia or lost to a new state of Yugoslavia, Poland and Italy
Army restricted to 30,000
Treaty wasn’t designed to punish Austria really harshly but to sort out a chaotic jumble of states
what was the Treaty of Neuilly 1919
Dealt with Bulgaria did well compare to Other countries however lost land had to pay $100 million in reparations army was limited at 20,000
What was the Treaty of Trianon 1920
Dealt with Hungry
not signed till 1920
main focus was territorial transfer
lost land to Romania Czechoslovakia Yugoslavia
due to pay reparations but could never afford them
what was the Treaty of Sevres 1920
Dealt with Turkey
Meant they had to except the loss of territory’s under their control
Turkish nationlists rebelled and a new treaty was agreed Treaty of Lausanne
