Why Did The Tsarist Regime Collapse In 1917

Question 1

What were the main features of Russian society before the First World War

Answer 1

1. The peasants had little money and we barely able to see you afford food the money they earn from farming the land went purely to feeding their families
2. Despite making up only 1% of the population the nobility owned a quarter of the land they had a good life
3. The middle class was beginning to develop and they have to make money and industry began to live good lives including going to the ballet
4. The workers had poor living conditions with little privacy and lived inside dormitories of up to 30 workers

Question 2

Describe the reforms of Stolypin

Answer 2

1. Stolypin introduce reforms to help peasants he allowed them to borrow loans to buy land creating a richer class of persons however this was bad for the poor peasants who could now not afford land.
2. Introduced ‘Stolypin’s necktie’. Thousands were executed to stop violent disturbances.
3. Encouraged peasants to farm together in communes.
4. Increased industry by using pig iron, steel production. Industrial production increased by 100%.

Question 3

Describe the impact of the Russia Japanese war on the Russian people

Answer 3

1. Tsar suffered defeat after defeat which led to lack of morale and embarrassment.
2. Lack of workers and peasants meant no food and materials were being produced. This leads to hunger. Some soldiers reports of cannibalism. Food prices rise to 4x.
3. No equipment. Soldiers could be left without boots and weapons meaning they would be killed or surrender.
4. Families became unhappy because loved ones were killed and they were slowly starved.

Question 4

The main features of czarist rule at the beginning of the 20th century

Answer 4

1. Autocracy. The tsar had supreme power. Governors were often close friends of the store and did not tell him about how bad the situation in the country was
2. The tsar did not take control of important matters. Instead answers peasants letters and didn’t deploy jobs.
3. The secret police had great control over the people with 10,000 officers his job was to concentrate on political opponents of the regime
4. Most peasants had to live through by the mere meer could be overruled by land captains and land captains are usually appointed by the Tsar.

Question 5

Why was the Tsar able to survive the 1905 revolution

Answer 5

1. Promised better conditions. Issued the October manifesto on 30 October which promised to Parliament and writes this was what the middle-class demanded and therefore stopped their protests.
2. Signed a peace treaty with Japan. in September of peace treaty was signed for in the soldiers soldiers that returned from war well paid by the Tsar and promise better conditions meaning the Tsar had their support. You then use force to crush uprisings print sample the St Petersburg Soviet meaning he had control of the army and people feared him.

Question 6

Why was the revolution of 1905 unsuccessful

Answer 6

The Duma was dissolved meaning the people no longer had the form of government they wanted this meant that the revolution had been unsuccessful

Despite being promised freedom of speech this was taken away from them and the secret place still operated under control them what could be published in the media

Question 7

Why did the 1905 revolution occur

Answer 7

Economic problems - taxes were increased in order to try and improve industry meaning the peasants had a heavy taxes and grain and taxes on items such as alcohol me they could not afford them. Poor harvests in 1900 and 1902 and then peasants began to start and workers wages were kept low.

• The Russo Japanese war. Russia suffered defeat after defeat meant people questioned dissolve governing food shortages meant that people are getting staff as there were no peasants working the land prices also raise the lead unemployment and dissatisfaction

Question 8

Why was Rasputin hated by many Russians

Answer 8

1. Lead the Tsarina to dissolve and not listen to the Duma. Appointed his friends as officials. Banished Stolypin.
2. Had questionable morals eg drunken parties and women were fascinated by him. This made nobility angry. And example of this is a photograph published in the newspaper showing Rasputin surrounded by ladies of the aristocracy.

Question 9

What happened on bloody Sunday 1905

Answer 9

1. Following five men being sacked from the norms factory 105,000 workers down tools and sympathy.
2. This lead to father Gapon organising a peaceful protest.
3. On the 9th January crowds headed to the winter palace to present a list of grievances to the Tsar Nicholas the second
4. The soldiers began to fire killing 200 and wounding 800

Question 10

How far was the influence of Rasputin the reason why czarist rule ended in 1917

Answer 10

For - controlled Duma
Influenced tsarina
Upset people

Against - war had a big impact on no moral starvation eventual arrest of tsar
Tsar stupidity

Question 11

How far was the First World War responsible for the collapse of czarist rule

Answer 11

Food shortages - no Land farmed by peasants
Food 6x as expensive

No equipment -
Death of soldiers

BUT Tsars stupidity was important
Previous conditions were also inportant