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Philosophical Thinking > Who/What am I? > Flashcards

Who/What am I? Flashcards

1
Q

Descartes & Mind-Body Problem

What is Cartesian Doubt?

also called hyperbolic doubt

A

Descartes questions/doubts everything in order to find true facts

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2
Q

Descartes & Mind-Body Problem

What is mind-body dualism?

from Descartes

A

mind and body can exist seperately, which accomodates for life after death and a mechanistic explanation of physical bodies

…hence the “dualism”

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3
Q

Descartes & Mind-Body Problem

What are the mental and physical properties for mind-body dualism?

A

mental movement can cause the body to respond
physical impact on the body can cause the mind to respond

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4
Q

Descartes & Mind-Body Problem

What is the Mind/Body Problem?

A

Questions how the mind and body can interact if they are made of difference substances.

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5
Q

Descartes & Mind-Body Problem

What is substance dualism?

A

A dualist theory on “what exists”
Mind and body are made of two different kinds of substances (both material & immaterial)

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6
Q

Descartes & Mind-Body Problem

What is Physicalism?

A

The mind reduces to the body and its matter

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7
Q

Descartes & Mind-Body Problem

What is the Ship of Thesus analogy?

A

A ship is originally made of boards. Once the boards are replaced, the new ship is no longer the same as the original.

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8
Q

Descartes & Mind-Body Problem

What are the 4 Identity Theories?

A
  • illusion theory: we constantly change into new versions of ourselves
  • body theory: our identity stays the same while the body changes
  • memory theory: our identity stays the same as long as consciousness can extend to past actions and thoughts
  • soul theory: our identity stays the same with an immaterial soul (which can exist without the body)
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9
Q

Aristotle’s Categories & Hylomorphism

What are the 3 tiers of souls, according to Aristotle? What powers do they have?

A
  1. plants (nutritive power)
  2. non-rational animals (appetitive, sensory, locomotive)
  3. ratonal animals/humans (thinking)
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10
Q

Aristotle’s Categories & Hylomorphism

What is Hylomorphism?

A

Existence occurs in two parts:
1. matter (potentiality)
2. essence/form (actualization of potentiality)

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11
Q

Aristotle’s Categories & Hylomorphism

What is Thomas Aquinas’s interpretation of Hylomorphism?

A

The soul and body are linked, but seperable; having a body is part of the essence of being human

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Philosophical Thinking (15 decks)

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