Who caused the Cold War Flashcards
Why was the big 3 friends in 1945
They had a common enemy
What did the west believe in
Democracy
Individual rights
Capitalism property and business owned by private individuals
How was the ussr run
Dictatorship communist
Few individual rights press controlled by state no free speech
Communist all property’s and businesses controlled by state
Why was Germany and Russia allies in ww2
It was a marriage of convenience
What were the features of communism
All industry was owned and run by the state
Other countries should adopt all beliefs as their superior
Taught that the role of the state was to encourage revolutions worldwide
And election should be controlled and heavily monitored by the state and only one choice should be given
Information must be controlled by the state
The most efficient economy is one managed by the state
Every individual must work towards the needs of the state
It was an economic superpower but the general standard of living was low
What was the features of capitalism
Business and property were privately owned
Citizens were alarmed by the theory that an ideology should be spread by revolution
People should be free to vote for whoever they want in elections
Citizens are allowed freedom of speech for free press and full access to any information
The most efficient economy is one way government does not interfere
Every citizen is allowed to work for their own ends and have freedom of government control
It was the worlds wealthiest country but their extremes
what was the relationship like between the west and the Soviet union before Yalta
1917 to 1920 revolution in Russia Churchill says strangle communism minutes cradle 1920s British government react to harshly to strikes thought it was the USSR spies 1930s Stalin sign pact with Hitler seemed cynical Stalin angered by Munich agreement 1940 to 1945 Germany invaded USSR the Soviets of pushback Stalin wanted a second military attack from west and was bitter it didn’t happen till 1944
What were the points of agreement at Yalta
Denazification
Control economy
Divide Germany up among allies
Reparations
Form to United Nations
Give all Freed land an early election
Take power away from German government democracy
All Eastern Europe is in bubble of Russia
Punish war criminals
Russia takes part in the war against Japan
What were the points of agreement at Yalta
Denazification
Control economy
Divide Germany up among allies
Reparations
Form to United Nations
Give all Freed land an early election
Take power away from German government democracy
All Eastern Europe is in bubble of Russia
Punish war criminals
Russia takes part in the war against Japan
What were the points of tension at Yalta
Britain in USA aren’t happy over Polish border changes
London East Europe might not be okay with Russia free elections might not be Soviet friendly
Who rules Germany how was it divided
The amount of reparations
Personal tensions
War in Japan after Germany is defeated
All Russian provinces get a seat in general assembly
Send Germans back to country
Lublin polls or London poles who controls Germany
What were the differences at the Potsdam conference
The war in Europe had ended
Stalin‘s armies were occupying most of Eastern Europe
America had a new president
The allies had test in atomic bomb
What impact would the end of the war in Europe have on relationship at Potsdam
They don’t have a common enemy political decisions and differences emerge
What impact would starlings armies occupying most of Eastern Europe have on relationships at Potsdam
Britain fear of communism spreading USA didn’t want style and taking the whole of Europe Russia gaining power creating tension in Europe want free elections but can’t because Starling is that
What impact would America’s new president have on relationships at Potsdam
Truman and Stalin were very different didn’t get on rivalry and suspicion between USA and Soviets
What impact would the allies testing an atomic bomb have on relationships at Potsdam
Soviet might have felt threatened of USA’s Nutech damage relations even more USA gains power allies didn’t tell them until right before Potsdam
Why was Germany a disagreement Potsdam
The German army had been particularly aggressive and barbaric in their invasion of the USSR this meant that Stalin wanted revenge on Germany Truman and the Americans were keen not to repeat the mistakes of the First World War and what did Germany to be a free democratic nation do USA was willing to invest huge sums of money into German industry so that there was no longer widespread poverty poverty
Why was reparations a disagreement at Potsdam
20 million Russians have died in World War II and the USSR was totally devastated by the war Stalin wanted a crippling level of compensation USSR was only allowed to take reparations from the Soviet zone and also 10% of the industrial equipment of the western zone as reparation angered Stalin as he wanted the song
Why was Eastern Europe a disagreement Potsdam
The Soviet controlled government at Lubalin continued to govern Poland this would have upset PR and USA because they fought for democracy
Yalta Stalin had one agreement from the Allies that he could set up pro-Soviet sympathetic governments in the eastern Europe the allies wanted free elections Truman did not want communism to spread throughout eastern Europe he adopted I get to attitude with starlin
Why was Japan a disagreement at Potsdam
Unlike Roosevelt Truman did not want the Soviet Union to intervene in the war in the Pacific despite the USSR‘s intervention being agreed at Yalta
What were for aims at Yalta
Make sure that Germany would not be a military threat in the future
To ensure that all the main allies would be involved in the temporary occupation of Germany including Berlin
Ensure that Nazis had committed major human rights abuses were punished
To take measures to ensure that the war against Japan terminators as soon as possible as soon as possible
What message did the Soviet union use to take over countries
Armed forces
Legal means
Terror
Rigged elections
What were the salami tactics
Step one Soviet troops remain after liberation STEP2 Communists get a foothold through elections or joining a coalition government make sure communist on the inside step three get rid of political opponents use of terror step four take full control of the government
How did the USSR gain control over Eastern Europe
Coalition governments
Seize power with little opposition E.G Albania
Use of terror
Left troops after war is Czechoslovakia
What did Churchill say in response to Stalin‘s expansion
Gave a speech about an iron curtain has descended across Europe and a shadow has fallen up upon the scenes
What was the key messages of the Truman doctrine
The domino theory
America will support freedom
It is the USA’s job to fight against communism so they will send troops and money
Containment
Why did the Truman doctrine contribute to rising tensions between the west and the USSR
Where is tension because he wanted to stop Soviet expansion emoji Greece Stalin would accuse Truman of hypocrisy as he is influencing west Europe dollar imperialism
Why was the Truman doctrine issued
Britain withdrew from Greece
Britain France no longer superpowers after WWII now USA responsibility
Stop Communist theory of domino effect
Reaction against appeasement stand up to dictators
What was George Marshall plan
To give 17,000,000,000 to Europe to help them thrive and rebuild to stop the spread of communism over four years
Why did Marshall aid increased tension between the USA and USSR
Dollar imperialism Eastern Europe under control of Moscow Stalin not allowing eastern countries to receive money
Causes of Berlin blockade
Votes rejected Stalin and accepted allies joining
Churchills talk
Disagreements over how to govern inflation rations and infrastructure
What was the events of the Berlin blockade
Britain France and USA combined zones
Diplomatic fallout over plans for West Germany
Allies want to introduce own currency
Consequences of Berlin blockade
Russians applied travel restrictions
Russians stocks roads railways gas electricity fuel
June 25 ally started airlift
Why was the tension in Berlin
Berlin deep in Soviet zone
East versus west
West Berlin receives Marshallese
Espionage
What were the reasons why Stalin did the Berlin blockade
Disagreement over German recovery
Communism being undermined
Provocative actions of the USA
Cannot intervene in the western zones
Berlin is deep in the Soviet zone
What are the causes of the propaganda war
Western zones recover with Marshall aid
Huge contrast and prosperity between western east Berlin
Early and cold war Stalin wants to establish his authority
What happened in the Berlin airlift
They couldn’t give intercom Eunice Germany so Truman ordered the aircraft should fly supplies in
Everyone feed the Soviet would shoot them down but no shots were fired
West Berlin received all suppliers and the plan was working
Stalin gave up and lift the blockade
Why did Stalin not shoot down the Berlin airlift
He was not ready for war America had atomic bomb
Why did the allies not just power through Stalin‘s blockade
They were strong enough but they are afraid of more war
What were the consequences of the Berlin blockade in terms of propaganda for the west
Berlin becomes symbol East versus West became democratic freedom in the middle of a Soviet sphere Russia thought it was invasive cancel growing jeopardising happy eastern workers it wasn’t the last time Berlin was the flashpoint for the Cold War
What are the consequences of the Berlin blockade in terms of wider context of the Cold War
Shows both sides not being keen for wall
Countries are divided
Side to set
Over show for the Cold War
