Who Are The Patients? Flashcards
1
Q
Individual Receiving Care
A
- how individuals are “labelled” have been debated for decades
- “patients” historically came from a paternalistic model of healthcare
- the movement towards client-centerdness, the word “client” was adopted
- labels are powerful and can influence the therapeutic relationship
2
Q
Health, Wellness
A
- health and wellness are defined in class #1 and do not always mean an absence of disease or illness
3
Q
Disease and Illness
A
Disease- the “physiological deviation from normal
- a condition that a healthcare provider views from a pathophysiological model
Illness- the “experience of living with a disease”
- the human experience of symptoms and suffering
4
Q
Importance of this knowledge
A
- hospitalization can cause feelings of uncertainty, fear, powerlessness, and anxiety
- RNs and SNs experience patients at their most vulnerable
- patients, families, and healthcare providers all experience stress
- stress manifests in many different ways and knowing how to recognize it can strengthen the therapeutic relationship
5
Q
What is Stress?
A
- “a nonspecific response of the body to any demand made on it, occurring when individuals perceive that they cannot cope adequately with the demands being made on them or their well-being is threatened.”
- it is subjective in nature (like pain or grief)
- can have positive or negative effects
6
Q
What are Stressors?
A
- events or demands that activate stress responses in the body.
- the stress response is primitive and involuntary
7
Q
SAM and HPA
A
Sympathetic-Adrenal-Medullary-Axis
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal-Axis
- increased heart rate (tachycardia), increased BP, increased breathing rate (tachypnea), increased sugar levels, blood rushes to brain and skeletal muscles, increased alertness, decreased digestive activity, impaired immune system, decreased reproductive activity
8
Q
What Stress Looks Like
A
- using a relational, client-ventured approach, it will be important for the RN to understand and acknowledge that patient’s choices, decisions and behaviours may be motivated by stress
9
Q
Factors Affecting Response to Strss
A
Internal Factors-
- biology and genetics
- personal health practices
- coping skills
External Factors-
- income and social status
- social support networks
- culture
10
Q
Coping
A
- “Coping is the active process of managing taxing circumstances, expending effort to solve personal and interpersonal problems, and seeking to master, minimize, reduce, or tolerate stress or conflict.”
- skills or behaviours used to reduce stress
11
Q
Coping Mechanisms
A
Positive coping mechanisms and negative coping mechanisms
12
Q
How to Help out Clients
A
- Bring in familiar objects into hospital
- encourage questions about care
- keep your promises
- be truthful
- encourage them to ask for what they need
13
Q
Noncompliance
A
- the mismatch between what is prescribed in terms of medication or lifestyle changes and what clients actually does is commonly referred to as noncompliance
14
Q
Why are clients noncompliant?
A
- lack of understanding/education
- financial circumstances
- social circumstances
- the way medications are prescribed
- uncomfortable side effects
15
Q
Compliance Enhancing Strategies
A
- Research shows they often have little effect (such as education)
- relational approach to care
- learn about the clients “context”
