WHEELCHAIR AND AMBULATION Flashcards
1
Q
Height of parallel bars:
a. ASIS
b. 6 inches anterior, 2 inches lateral
c. Greater trochanter
d. 6 inches lateral, 2 inches anterior
A
c. Greater trochanter
2
Q
Cane can transmit how many percent of the patient’s body weight?
a. 25%
b. 50%
c. 80 %
d. 85%
A
a. 25%
3
Q
Gait to be taught to patients who can’t bear weight on one leg:
a. Two point gait
b. Swing to gait
c. Modified point-swing gait
d. Four point gait
A
c. Modified point-swing gait
4
Q
Most important crutchwalking muscle:
a. Shoulder depressors
b. Elbow extensors
c. Wrist extensors
d. Finger and thumb flexors
A
a. Shoulder depressors
5
Q
Weight transmission of walker:
a. 25 %
b. 50 %
c. 80 %
d. 85 %
A
d. 85 %
6
Q
You are instructing a patient that is PWB on the (L) lower extremity to descend stairs using axillary crutches.
Your first instruction should be:
a. Place your left leg down first
b. Place your left leg & crutches down first
c. Place your right leg on the first step
d. Place your right leg & the left crutch on the first step
A
b. Place your left leg & crutches down first
7
Q
The following are possible means of fitting a patient for adjustable axillary crutches except to:
a. Subtract 16 inches lateral to the foot
b. Place the patient in standing with their shoes on, with the crutches placed 16 inches lateral to the foot
c. Place the patient supine and measure from the anterior axillary fold to the bottom of the foot and add 2
inches
d. Place the patient supine & measure from the anterior axillary fold to the lateral heel and add two inches
A
b. Place the patient in standing with their shoes on, with the crutches placed 16 inches lateral to the foot
8
Q
You are teaching a pt who fractured his left tibia how to use crutches using 4-point gait pattern. Which of the
following describes this pattern:
a. Right crutch, left foot, left crutch, right foot
b. Left crutch, right foot, left foot, right crutch
c. Left crutch, left foot, right crutch, right foot
d. Left crutch, right foot, right crutch, left foot
A
d. Left crutch, right foot, right crutch, left foot
9
Q
In the upright position, the height of the cane is measured from the level of the:
a. Wrist
b. Tip of 3rd finger
c. Greater trochanter
d. Tip of 5th finger
A
c. Greater trochanter
10
Q
A PT measures elbow flexion while a patient grasps the handgrip of a walker in standing. The therapist
records elbow flexion as 35 degrees. Which statement best describes the height of the walker:
a. The walker is too low for the patient
b. The walker is too high for the patient
c. The walker height is appropriate for the patient
d. Not enough information is given to assess walker height
A
b. The walker is too high for the patient
11
Q
The height of the platform forearm crutches is measured with the elbows flexed to:
a. 30 degrees
b. 60 degrees
c. 90 degrees
d. 10 degrees
A
c. 90 degrees
12
Q
The PT is analyzing a patient’s gait with descending stairs. During left single limb stance, the patient
demonstrates a right pelvic drop with left trunk lean. The PT hypothesis is:
a. Weak right gluteus medius with left trunk lean to move center of mass towards stronger side
b. Weak left gluteus medius with left trunk lean to move center of mass towards weaker side
c. Weak left quadrates lumborum producing left trunk lean
d. Weak right gluteus medius with left trunk lean to move center of mass towards stronger side
A
b. Weak left gluteus medius with left trunk lean to move center of mass towards weaker side
13
Q
Are used for patients with triceps weakness:
a. Canadian crutch
b. Platform crutch
c. Triceps crutch
d. A and C
e. Loftstrand crutches
A
d. A and C
14
Q
Muscles that hold crutch to side of the chest:
a. Scapular depressors
b. Shoulder adductors
c. Elbow extensors
d. Shoulder flexors, extensors, & abductors
A
b. Shoulder adductors
15
Q
A patient is recovering from a compound fracture of the right lower leg which has been casted. The referral is for gait training, non weight bearing on right leg. The safest gait pattern to instruct this patient is in:
a. 2 point
b. 3 point
c. 4 point
d. swing to
A
b. 3 point
16
Q
Most difficult gait pattern to teach your patient?
a. Swing-through
b. Swing-to
c. 4 point gait
d. 3 point gait
A
c. 4 point gait
17
Q
Most difficult gait pattern to perform by your patient?
a. Swing-through
b. Swing-to
c. 4 point gait
d. 3 point gait
A
a. Swing-through
18
Q
If your patient cannot support weight on one leg but has a good muscular strength and coordination, which crutch walking gait would you choose?
a. Swing through- 3 point gait
b. 4 point gait
c. 2 point gait
d. Swing-to gait
A
a. Swing through- 3 point gait
19
Q
The PT is evaluating a 36 y/o woman to fit her with appropriate wheelchair. Recent injury caused C6 quadriplegia. What is the correct way to measure length of the footrests for the pt permanent wheelchair?
a. From the pt’s popliteal fossa to the heel and add 1 inch
b. From the pt’s popliteal fossa to the heel and subtract 1 inch
c. From the pt’s popliteal fossa to the 1st MT head and add 1 inch
d. From the pt’s popliteal fossa to the 1st MT head and subtract 1 inch
A
a. From the pt’s popliteal fossa to the heel and add 1 inch
20
Q
What is the usual camber angle of a manual wheelchair?
a. 2-5 degrees
b. 3-9 degrees
c. 8-10 degrees
d. 10-15 degrees
A
b. 3-9 degrees
21
Q
Used by C7 SCI patient:
a. Vertical handrims
b. Friction handrims
c. Oblique handrims d. Standard handrims
A
b. Friction handrims
22
Q
Problem with increase seat width in wheelchair:
a. Decrease trunk stability
b. Problem in propelling the wheelchair
c. Pressure on popliteal area
d. All of the above
A
b. Problem in propelling the wheelchair
23
Q
Foot rest clearance of a wheelchair is about ______ from the floor:
a. 1 inch
b. 4 inches
c. 2 inches
d. NOTA
A
c. 2 inches
24
Q
High back rest is prescribed for a:
a. Quadriplegic SCI
b. Paraplegic
c. CVA patient
d. Amputee patient
A
a. Quadriplegic SCI
25
When measuring back height for a wheelchair:
a. Add four inches
b. Subtract two inches
c. Add two inches
d. Subtract four inches
d. Subtract four inches
26
Oblique projections for push rims is prescribed for SCI patient:
a. C5
b. C6
c. C7
d. T4
a. C5
27
Landmarks for measuring the seat height of a wheelchair:
a. Popliteal area to heel of patient, add 2 inches
b. Popliteal area to medial malleolus of patient, add 2 inches
c. Tibial crest to heel of patient, minus 2 inches
d. Tibial crest to medial malleolus, minus 2 inches
a. Popliteal area to heel of patient, add 2 inches
28
The slowest gait pattern for crutches?
a. 4-point gait
b. 3-point gait
c. 2-point gait
d. Drag-to gait
a. 4-point gait
29
Indicated for patient with arthritic hand:
a. Canadian crutches
b. Loftstrand crutches
c. Ortho crutches
d. Platform crutches
d. Platform crutches
30
Axillary crutches can transmit weight up to:
a. 20-25%
b. 40-50%
c. 80%
d. 85%
c. 80%
31
The therapist is crutch training a 26 year old man who underwent (R) knee arthroscopy 10 hours ago. The
patient’s weight bearing status is toe-touch weight bearing on (R) LE. If the patient is going up steps, which of
the following is the correct sequence of verbal instructions?
a. Have someone stand below you while going up, bring the (L) leg up first, then the crutches and the (R)
leg.
b. Have someone stand above you while going up, bring the (L) leg up first then the crutches and the (R) leg.
c. Have someone stand below you while going up, bring the (R) leg up first, then the crutches and the (L) leg.
d. Have someone stand above you while going up, bring the (R) leg up first, then the crutches and the (R) leg.
a. Have someone stand below you while going up, bring the (L) leg up first, then the crutches and the (R)
leg.
32
Cane should always be placed:
a. Opposite the involved leg
b. Opposite the sound leg
c. On the involved side if the knee is affected
d. A and C
e. A and B
d. A and C
33
The least stable among the assistive devices?
a. Walker
b. Non-axillary crutches
c. Standard cane
d. Parallel bars
e. Quad cane
c. Standard cane
34
Type of walker contraindicated for Parkinson’s disease?
a. Standard
b. Reciprocating
c. Rolling
d. Stair climbing
c. Rolling
35
On descending ramps using a wheelchair:
a. Wheelie position
b. Grip hands loosely
c. Move hands quickly
d. All of the above except B
e. All of the above except C
e. All of the above except C
36
A PT transfers a patient in a wheelchair down a curb with a forward approach. Which of the following actions
would be the most appropriate?
a. Have the wheelchair brakes locked
b. Tilt the wheelchair backwards
c. Have the patient lean forward
d. Position yourself in front of the patient
b. Tilt the wheelchair backwards
37
Ideal corridor width:
a. 32 inches
b. 36 inches
c. 42 inches
d. 45 inches
c. 42 inches
38
Height of wheelchair push handles to floor:
a. 24-26 inches
b. 29-30 inches
c. 36 inches
d. 42 inches
c. 36 inches
39
Kitchen sink height should be at least:
a. 20 inches
b. 27 inches
c. 34 inches
d. 42 inches
b. 27 inches
40
Caster diameter intended for rough surfaces:
a. 3 inches
b. 5 inches
c. 8 inches
d. 12 inches
d. 12 inches
41
Type of wheelchair intended for pts with postural instability & also used for pressure relief?
a. Standard wheelchair
b. Hemi-wheelchair
c. Tilt-in-space wheelchair
d. Reclining wheelchair
e. Sip and puff wheelchair
d. Reclining wheelchair
42
True about sports wheelchair, except:
a. Lightweight
b. Rigid frames
c. Low seat
d. Lower camber
e. Low back
d. Lower camber
43
The following instructions should be given to patients who will ascend ramps, except:
a. Lean forward
b. Grip hands loosely
c. Move hands quickly
d. Use shorter strokes
b. Grip hands loosely
44
Considerations for amputee wheelchairs:
a. Lower camber
b. Should be light weight
c. Rear axles moved 2 inches posteriorly
d. Rear axles moved 5 degrees posteriorly
c. Rear axles moved 2 inches posteriorly
45
The most common diameter of the wheelchair is:
a. 20 inches
b. 24 inches
c. 28 inches
d. 18 inches
b. 24 inches
46
What is the minimum width required for a wheelchair dependent patient to safely traverse through a doorway:
a. 28 inches
b. 30 inches
c. 32 inches
d. 34 inches
c. 32 inches
47
A wheelchair borne patient presents with adductor spasticity. As a therapist, you would most likely attached to a\an:
a. Anti-tipper
b. Seat belts
c. Adductor pommel
d. Seat wedge
c. Adductor pommel
48
Forearm cuff of a non-axillary crutches should be placed:
a. 2-2.5 inches below the olecranon process
b. Middle 3rd of the forearm
c. 1-1.5 inches below the olecranon process
d. All of the above are correct
e. None of the above
c. 1-1.5 inches below the olecranon process
49
Crutchwalking ambulation is about:
a. 9%
b. 65%
c. 110%
d. 60%
d. 60%
50
A home health physical therapist is sent to evaluate a 56-year-old man who has suffered a recent stroke. The patient is sitting in a lift chair, accompanied by his 14-year-old nephew. He seems confused several times throughout the evaluation. The nephew is unable to assist in clarifying much of the subjective history. The patient reports to the therapist that he is independent in ambulation with a standard walker as an assistive device and in all transfers without an assistive device. Based on the above information, which of the following sequence of events, chosen by the therapist, is in the correct order?
a. Ambulate with the standard walker with the wheelchair in close proximity; transfer sit to stand in front of the wheelchair; transfer wheelchair to bed, assess range of motion and strength of all extremities in supine position
b. Ambulate with the standard walker with the wheelchair in close proximity, transfer wheelchair to bed; assess range of motion and strength of all extremities in supine position; transfer sit to stand at bedside
c. Assess range of motion and strength of all extremities in the lift chair; transfer sit to stand in front of the lift chair; ambulate with the standard walker with the wheelchair in close proximity; transfer wheelchair to bed
d. Assess range of motion and strength of all extremities in the lift chair; ambulate with the standard walker with the wheelchair in close proximity; transfer sit to stand in front of the wheelchair; transfer wheelchair to bed
c. Assess range of motion and strength of all extremities in the lift chair; transfer sit to stand in front of the lift chair; ambulate with the standard walker with the wheelchair in close proximity; transfer wheelchair to bed
51
A physical therapist is treating a 17-year-old boy with an incomplete T11 spinal cord injury. The patient was treated for 2 months in the rehabilitation unit of the hospital before beginning outpatient physical therapy. He is currently ambulating with standard walker with maximal assist of two. The therapist sets an initial long-term goal of “ambulation with a standard walker with minimum assist of 1 for a distance of 50 feet, with no loss of balance, on a level surface – in 8 weeks.” If the patient achieves the long-term goal in 4 weeks, which of the following courses of action should be taken by the therapist?
a. Discharge the patient secondary to completion of goals
b. Set another long-term goal regarding ambulation and continue treatment
c. Return the patient to the rehabilitation unit of the hospital for more intensive treatment
d. Call the patient’s physician and ask for further instructions
b. Set another long-term goal regarding ambulation and continue treatment
52
You are assisting a patient with bed to wheelchair transfers. In order to complete the task you have to provide the patient with 50% assist. How would you document this level of assist
a. Minimal assist
b. Moderate assist
c. Contact guard
d. Maximal assist
b. Moderate assist
53
With respect to the worker’s sitting postures, the greatest reduction in lumbar spine compression forces would be achieved by:
a. Using a 2-inch gel seat cushion
b. Eliminating armrests on the chair
c. Decreasing the chair backrest-seat angle to 85 degrees
d. Increasing the angle between the seat pan & backrest to between 90-110 degrees
d. Increasing the angle between the seat pan & backrest to between 90-110 degrees
54
According to ADA, what is the recommended grade for ramps:
a. 10.4%
b. 9.5%
c. 8.3%
d. 6.2%
c. 8.3%
55
A physical therapist is ordered to provide gait training to a 78-year-old man who received a right cemented total knee replacement 24 hours earlier. The patient also had a traumatic amputation of the left upper extremity 3 inches above the elbow 40 years ago. If the patient lives at home alone, which of the following is an appropriate assistive device?
a. Rolling walker
b. Standard walker
c. Hemi-walker
d. Wheelchair for 2 weeks
c. Hemi-walker
56
A PT prepares to treat a patient with paraplegia on a floor mat. The patient has UE strength & trunk control. The most appropriate method to transfer the patient from a wheelchair to the floor is
a. Dependent standing pivot
b. Sliding board transfer
c. Two person lift
d. Hydraulic lift
c. Two person lift
57
A PT prepares a patient recovering from a THR for discharge from the hospital. The patient is 65 years old & resides alone. Assuming an uncomplicated recovery, which of the following pieces of adaptive equipment would not be necessary for home use
a. Long handled shoehorn
b. Raised toilet seat
c. Sliding board
d. Tub bench
c. Sliding board
58
Wheelchair “recline” can result in shear forces between the chair & the user, because the mechanical axis of a backrest with variable recline is usually:
a. Below & behind the anatomic axis of the user’s hip joints
b. Above & behind the anatomic axis of the user’s hip joints
c. Below & behind the anatomic axis of the user’s sacroiliac joint
d. Below & lateral the anatomic axis of the hip joints
a. Below & behind the anatomic axis of the user’s hip joints
59
Hanger angle of a wheelchair:
a. 80-90 degrees
b. 90-100 degrees
c. 100-110 degrees
d. 110-120 degrees
a. 80-90 degrees
60
Raising the rear axles of a manual wheelchair will cause the following, except:
a. Lowers the seat height
b. Tilts the wheelchair backward
c. Lowers rear stability
d. Lowers forward stability
e. Causes a cambered wheel toe-out
d. Lowers forward stability
61
The seat-plane angle (the angle of the seat-plane relative to horizontal) is typically:
a. 2-4 degrees
b. 3-5 degrees
c. 6-8 degrees
d. 10-12 degrees
b. 3-5 degrees
62
The backrest is commonly tilted back about:
a. 8 degrees from vertical
b. 95 degrees from the seat plane
c. 5 degrees from vertical
d. A and B
e. B and C
d. A and B
63
Nerve affected if the patient leans repetitively on the axillary pad?
a. Axillary nerve
b. Radial nerve
c. Ulnar nerve
d. Musculocutaneous nerve
b. Radial nerve
64
A PT works on transfer training with a patient & her family in preparation for discharge. The patient can occasionally complete a wheelchair to bed transfer independently, however often requires assistance to initiate the transfer. The most appropriate classification of the patient’s transfer status is:
a. Contact guard assistance
b. Minimal assistance
c. Moderate assistance
d. Maximal assistance
b. Minimal assistance
65
A patient explains to her PT that she was instructed to bear up to five pounds of weight on her involved extremity. This description best describes
a. Non-weight bearing
b. Toe-touch weight bearing
c. Partial weight bearing
d. Weight bearing as tolerated
c. Partial weight bearing
66
The following functional outcomes is the same in a C7 SCI compared to a C8-T1 SCI patient, except:
a. Independence in wheelchair propulsion indoors & outdoors
b. The absence of any need to prescribe a LE brace
c. Independent transfer to & from the floor
d. Independent bed mobility
c. Independent transfer to & from the floor
67
A physical therapist observes a physical therapist assistant ambulating a patient for the first time after a left total hip replacement. The patient is using crutches & is practicing n a level surface. The PTA should guard the patient by standing slightly:
a. Behind & to the intact side, one hand on the gait belt
b. In front of the patient, walking backward, with one hand on the gait belt & one hand on the shoulder
c. Behind & to the left side, one hand on the gait belt
d. Behind the patient with both hands on the gait belt
c. Behind & to the left side, one hand on the gait belt
68
Electric wheelchair is indicated for SCI levels:
a. C4
b. C6
c. C7
d. C8
a. C4
69
A patient is recovering from a right THR (posterolateral incision, cementless fixation). The MOST appropriate type of bed-to-wheelchair transfer to teach is to have the patient use a
a. Stand-pivot transfer to the surgical side
b. Lateral slide transfer using a transfer board
c. Stand-pivot transfer to the sound side
d. Squat-pivot transfer to the surgical side
c. Stand-pivot transfer to the sound side
70
A patient sustained a T10 spinal cord injury 4 years ago & is now referred for an episode of outpatient physical therapy. During initial examination the therapist observes redness over the ischial seat that persists for 10 minutes when not sitting. The BEST intervention in this case would be to:
a. Switch to a low density wheelchair foam cushion
b. Increase the wheelchair arm rest height, which is adjustable
c. Re-emphasize the need for sitting push-ups performed every 10 minutes
d. Switch to a tilt-in-space wheelchair
c. Re-emphasize the need for sitting push-ups performed every 10 minutes
71
In wheelchair propulsion, the energy expenditure is equal to:
a. More than dressing
b. All of these
c. More than standing relaxed
d. Less than walking downstairs
b. All of these
72
A patient is unable to bring her foot up on the next step during a training session on stair climbing. The PT’s best course of action to promote learning of this task is to have the patient:
a. Practice standing-up from half-kneeling
b. Practice marching in place in the parallel bars
c. Step up onto a low step while in the parallel bars
d. Balance on the stairs while the therapist passively brings the foot up
c. Step up onto a low step while in the parallel bars
73
Grab bars should be provided adjacent to bath tubs, toilets, & showers. What is the size of such grab bars:
a. 15 mm
b. 60 mm
c. 30 mm
d. 5 mm
c. 30 mm
74
Refers to a highly structured, goal-oriented, individualised intervention program designed to return the patient to work:
a. Work conditioning
b. Work hardening
c. Protocols
d. Ergonomics
b. Work hardening
75
When a patient with a left sided hemiplegia descend stairs, he should use:
a. Right handrail & place the left foot down first
b. Right handrail & place right foot down first
c. Left handrail & place right foot down first
d. Use an elevator instead
a. Right handrail & place the left foot down first
76
To help decrease shear when transferring a patient with a SCI from bed to chair, it would be best to use:
a. A draw sheet
b. Skin lubricant on involved skin surfaces
c. An air mattress
d. A sheepskin pad
a. A draw sheet
77
Patient with complete loss of LE will best be taught what gait pattern:
a. Four point
b. Two point
c. Swing to
d. Three point
c. Swing to
78
The most functional way to teach an individual with a T4 complete paraplegia to transfer from wheelchair to mat is by using a:
a. Stand pivot technique
b. Squat pivot technique
c. Sliding board
d. Back-out technique
b. Squat pivot technique
79
A PT presents an in-service ergonomics for administrative personnel. As part of the presentation the PT discusses positioning when seated at a computer terminal. Which of the following recommendations would be most helpful:
a. Position your thighs parallel with the floor
b. Position your knees one inch above your hips
c. Position your knees two inches above your hips
d. Position your knees one inch below your hips
a. Position your thighs parallel with the floor
80
A PT employed in a rehabilitation hospital utilizes a variety of transfer techniques to move patients of various functional abilities. Which type of transfer would not be classified as dependent:
a. Sliding transfer
b. Hydraulic lift
c. Sliding board transfer
d. Two-person lift
c. Sliding board transfer
81
Walkers should be measured at a distance of ________ in front of the patient:
a. 8 inches
b. 10 inches
c. 12 inches
d. 14 inches
c. 12 inches
82
A 45-year-old male is 4 weeks status-post (L) THR & is FWB of the (L) using a straight cane during gait activities. As he begins to make a 180 degrees turn, the most important reminder is:
a. He should turn towards the affected side
b. He should turn away from the affected side
c. Keep the cane in front
d. It does not matter which way he pivots if in FWB
b. He should turn away from the affected side
83
A PT is ordered to provide gait training to a 78 year old man who received a (R) cemented TKR 24 hours earlier. The patient also had a traumatic amputation of the (L) UE 3 inches above the elbow 40 years ago. The patient lives at home alone, which of the following is an appropriate assistive device?
a. Rolling walker
b. Standard walker
c. Hemi-walker
d. Wheelchair for 2 weeks
d. Wheelchair for 2 weeks
84
PT’s position while assisting a CVA patient during sessions of ascending stairs?
a. Posterolateral & to patient’s weak side
b. Anterolateral & to patient’s weak side
c. Posterolateral & to patient’s strong side
d. Anterolateral & to patient’s strong side
a. Posterolateral & to patient’s weak side
85
A PT is ordered to provide gait training for an 18 year old girl who received a partial medial meniscectomy of the (R) knee one day earlier. The patient was independent in ambulation without an assistive device before surgery and has no cognitive deficits. The patient’s weight bearing status is currently partial weight bearing on the involved LE. Which of the following is the most appropriate assistive device and gait pattern?
a. Crutches 3 point gait pattern
b. Standard walker, 3 point gait
c. Standard walker, 4 point gait
d. Crutches, swing to
a. Crutches 3 point gait pattern
86
You are teaching a 20-year-old patient diagnosed with L3 paraplegia how to ambulate using an adaptive device. What type of equipment would be the most appropriate for this patient?
a. Bilateral hip-knee-ankle-foot orthoses& crutches
b. Bilateral knee-ankle-foot orthoses& crutches
c. Bilateral ankle-foot orthoses& crutches
d. You should not be teaching a patient with L3 paraplegia to ambulate
b. Bilateral knee-ankle-foot orthoses& crutches
87
An elderly patient demonstrates a history of recent falls (two in the last two months) & mild balance instability. The therapist’s referral is to examine the patient & recommend an assistive device as needed. Based on the patient’s history, it would be BEST to select a:
a. A folding reciprocal walker
b. Front wheel rolling walker that folds
c. Standard, fixed frame walker
d. Hemi walker
b. Front wheel rolling walker that folds
88
A patient is recovering from a fracture of both tibia & fibula in the right lower leg which has been casted. The referral is for gait training, non-weight bearing on right lower extremity. The safest gait pattern for this patient to use is a:
a. Two-point
b. Four-point
c. Three-point
d. Swing-to
c. Three-point
89
You are instructing a patient how to rise from a chair so that they begin ambulation using a walker. Which of the following instructions should you give the patient?
a. While holding the walker with one hand push up on the chair with the other hand
b. Push up on the chair with both hands & reach for the walker once you are standing
c. Place both hands on the walker & pull yourself into standing position
d. Push up on the chair using both hands & reach for the walker while rising
b. Push up on the chair with both hands & reach for the walker once you are standing
90
A 6-year-old child with spastic diplegia is walking in the parallel bars. The child walks with increased trunk & hip flexion. Which is the MOST appropriate assistive device for this patient?
a. Standard walker
b. Forearm crutches
c. Posterior rolling walker
d. Bilateral quad canes
c. Posterior rolling walker
91
A 17-year-old individual with developmental disabilities is referred to a wheelchair clinic for a new wheelchair. The patient presents with a severe kyphoscoliosis. The therapist determines the BEST wheelchair modification to order is a:
a. Sling seat with dense foam cushion
b. Firm seat back with lateral posture supports & increased seat depth
c. Contoured foam seat
d. Firm seat with lateral knee positioners
c. Contoured foam seat
92
A patient with a spinal cord injury at the level of T1 is in the community phase of his mobility training. In order for him to navigate a standard height curb with his wheelchair, the therapist tells him to:
a. Descend backward with the trunk upright & arms hooked around the push handles
b. Ascend backwards with the large wheels first
c. Lift the front casters & ascend in a wheelie position
d. Place the front casters down first during descent
c. Lift the front casters & ascend in a wheelie position
93
A patient with paraplegia at the T10 level wants to participate in wheelchair basketball. An option that should
be considered in ordering a wheelchair for this patient is:
a. A rigid frame
b. Hard-rubber tires
c. A mid-scapular seat back
d. A folding frame
a. A rigid frame
94
A patient suffered a spinal cord injury with a complete injury at T10. It is now three months post-injury & she is refusing to participate in her functional training program because the major focus is wheelchair independence. She is sure she is going to walk again. The therapist’s BEST approach is to:
a. Outline realistic short term goals to improve independence while maintaining for the possibility of further recovery
b. Discuss the harmful effects of denial & restrict all discussions to promoting wheelchair independence
c. Refer the patient for psychological counseling & discharge her from PT
d. Send the patient home for a short time so she will recognize the need for wheelchair training
a. Outline realistic short term goals to improve independence while maintaining for the possibility of further recovery
95
A patient with a 10-year history of multiple sclerosis demonstrates 3+ extensor tone in both lower extremities. The therapist needs to order a wheelchair. It would be BEST to recommend a/an:
a. A standard wheelchair with a 30-degree reclining back
b. Tilt-in-space wheelchair with a pelvic belt
c. Electric wheelchair with toe loops
d. Standard wheelchair with elevating leg rests
b. Tilt-in-space wheelchair with a pelvic belt
96
Which of the following outcomes is the highest expected functional outcome for a patient with a complete C7 spinal cord injury?
a. Minimal assistance with transferring from the floor to the wheelchair
b. Independent with wheelchair mobility on smooth surfaces
c. Minimal assistance with transferring from supine to sitting
d. Independent with ascending a curb in the wheelchair
b. Independent with wheelchair mobility on smooth surfaces
97
A hemiplegic patient wheelchair should have:
a. An adductor wedge
b. A seat that is lower than a conventional wheelchair
c. Permanent arm rest
d. Wheels placed backward
b. A seat that is lower than a conventional wheelchair
98
A PT transports a patient with MS to the gym for her treatment session. The pt is wheelchair dependent & uses a urinary catheter. When transporting the pt, the most appropriate location to secure the collection bag is:
a. On the wheelchair cross brace beneath the seat
b. In the patient’s lap
c. On the patient’s lower abdomen
d. On the wheelchair armrest
a. On the wheelchair cross brace beneath the seat
99
The additional energy expenditure of a wheelchair ambulant person as compared to normal is:
a. 5%
b. 10-20%
c. 10-40%
d. 9%
d. 9%
100
A PT attempts to confirm the fit of a wheelchair for a patient recently admitted to a skilled nursing facility. After completing the assessment, the PT determines the wheelchair has too long seat depth. Which adverse effect results from too long seat depth:
a. Patient might develop scoliosis
b. Patient will have insufficient support for the thighs
c. Patient will slide forward
d. No effect on the patient
c. Patient will slide forward
