What signs might patients have on examination? Flashcards

1
Q

GORD

A

Usually NORMAL

BUT red flag symptoms are upper abdominal mass, dysphagia, age >55yrs and weight loss

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2
Q

Peptic Ulcer

A

epigastric tenderness

if gastric emptying is slow, may be succussion splash (sloshing sound on auscultation)

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3
Q

Ulcerative Colitis

A

General inspection: pale (anaemia, caused by PR bleeding)

Distention and tenderness on palpation

PR exam: tenderness, blood/mucus

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4
Q

Crohn’s

A

weight loss

pale (anaemia)

Digital clubbing

Aphthous ulcers in mouth, abdo/right LQ tenderness and a right iliac fossa mass

PR examination to check for perianal skin tags

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5
Q

Acute Pancreatitis

A

Hypovolaemia
tachycardia
dry mucous membranes guarding (involuntary reaction to palpation)
Grey-Turner’s sign if haemorrhagic (bruised flanks)
Cullen’s sign (oedema and bruising in the fatty tissue around umbilicus)

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6
Q

gallstones

A

right upper quadrant pain- guarding

epigastric tenderness

jaundice

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7
Q

Acute Hepatitis

A
right upper quadrant pain 
jaundice
hepatomegaly
splenomegaly
lymphadenopathy
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8
Q

Appendicitis

A

Pain on palpation over the right iliac fossa

Rovsing’s sign may be present (pain in right side when left side pressed)

McBurney’s sign positive (pain at his point: 2/3 umbilicus- ASIS

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9
Q

What is Rovsing’s sign

A

pain in the right lower quadrant with palpation pressure on the left lower quadrant

sometimes present in appendicits

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10
Q

What is McBurney’s sign

A

deep tenderness at McBurney’s point

which is 2/3 of the way between the umbilicus and the ASIS on the right

present in appendicits

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11
Q

small and large bowel obstruction

A

presents with abdo distention, tenderness and resonance

in a mechanical obstruction ywf a tinkling sound (as fluid drips from obstructed bit)

in a functional obstruction ywf decreased bowel sounds

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12
Q

femoral hernia

A

bulge/ painful mass in the groin region

tachycardia, fever, vomiting

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13
Q

inguinal hernia

A

single lump in the inguinal region soft on palpation

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