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Abdominal Core Conditions > How Does it Present? > Flashcards

How Does it Present? Flashcards

1
Q

Gastro-oesophageal reflux

A

heartburn

regurgitation food and acid

aggravated by lying stooping and bending, hot drinks and alcohol
relieved by antacids
waterbrash (sour taste)
odynophagia (pain on swallowing), dysphagia

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2
Q

Peptic Ulcer

A
  • epigastric pain - may wake patient at night, relieved by food

nausea

oral flatulence, bloating, distension and intolerance of fatty food

heartburn (sometimes)

relieved by antacids

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3
Q

Acute GI bleed

A

Upper= haematemesis and/or melaena

Clammy/sweaty - peripherally shut down

Hypotensive, decreased JVP

Cap refill >2s

Postural drop

Sudden weak pulsed tachycardia

Rapid breathing

Signs of shock, confusion, not alert

Anuria

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4
Q

Ulcerative Colitis (type of IBD

A

diarrhoea containing blood/mucus
tenesmus or urgency
pain in the left iliac fossa.

weight loss
fever.
pale (anaemia, caused by PR bleeding)

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5
Q

Crohn’s

A

crampy adbo pain
non-bloody diarrhoea
weight loss

pale (anaemia)

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6
Q

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

A

Abdo pain
bloating
change in bowel habit for at least 6 months
Altered stool passage symptoms worsened by eating

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7
Q

How do the symptoms of ulcerative colitis and crohn’s differ

A

UC has bloody diarrhoea where as Crohn’s is non-bloody

UC presents with fever

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8
Q

Infective Gastroenteritis

A

Diarrhoea- watery or mixed with blood/mucous

Vomiting

Abdominal pain/cramps

Fever, fatigue, headache, muscle pain in viral

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9
Q

Acute Pancreatitis

A

Stabbing-like epigastric pain radiating to back

relieved by sitting forward or lying in foetal position

Vomiting

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10
Q

Chronic pancreatitis

A

Epigastric pain worse after eating fatty food, tenderness, relieved by sitting forward

Exocrine dysfunction: malabsorption & steatorrhoea

Endocrine dysfunction: diabetes (thirst&polyuria)

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11
Q

Gallstones

A

can be none

sudden pain in right upper portion/centre of abdomen/ between shoulder blades/ right shoulder

nausea and vomiting

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12
Q

Acute Hepatitis

A

Hep A:

Flu like symptoms show before signs of acute hepatitis.

Malaise & fatigue

Nausea/vomiting

Right upper quadrant pain

Diarrhoea (may have pale stools and dark urine)

Jaundice

Hepatomegaly

Splenomegaly & lymphadenopathy

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13
Q

Appendicits

A

progressive peri-umbilical pain that moves to the right (not left) iliac fossa.

Nausea and vomiting (note usually this is once or twice, if vomiting is persistent consider obstruction)

Anorexia

Constipation (most common)/ diarrhoea (rarer)

Systemic features of infection - fever and tachycardia

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14
Q

Small bowel obstruction

A

Colicky pain
Constipation/no flatus due to proximal obstruction (later than LBO)
vomiting (earlier than LBO)
Abdo distention

in functional obstruction pain is often not present

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15
Q

Large Bowel Obstruction

A

Colicky pain
constipation (earlier than SBO)
vomiting (later than SBO)
abdo distention

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16
Q

Femoral Hernia

A

A lump within the groin, that is usually mildly painful

Typically non-reducible

17
Q

Inguinal Hernia

A

groin lump which disappears on pressure or when the patient lies down

discomfort and ache: often worse with activity, severe pain is uncommon

18
Q

heartburn

aggravated by lying and stooping

relieved by antacids

odynophagia (pain on swallowing), dysphagia

A

GORD

19
Q

heartburn
epigastric pain that wakes patient at night

relieved by antacids

relieved by food

nausea

bloated and burping

A

Peptic Ulcer

20
Q

breathless

Clammy/sweaty, postural drop

Hypotensive

Signs of shock, confusion, not alert

Anuria

A

Acute GI bleed

21
Q

fever, pale, weight loss

diarrhoea containing blood/mucus

urgency to poo

pain in the left iliac fossa.

A

Ulcerative Colitis

22
Q

pale, weight loss

crampy adbo pain

non-bloody diarrhoea

A

crohn’s

23
Q

Abdo pain

bloating

change in bowel habit

symptoms worsened by eating

A

IBS

24
Q

Fever, fatigue, headache

watery Diarrhoea

Vomiting

Abdominal pain/cramps

A

Infective Gastroenteritis

25
Q

Stabbing-like epigastric pain radiating to back

relieved by sitting forward or lying in foetal position

Vomiting

A

Acute Pancreatitis

26
Q

Epigastric pain worse after eating fatty food,

relieved by sitting forward

steatorrhoea

thirst&polyuria

A

Chronic Pancreatitis

27
Q

sudden pain in right upper portion/centre of abdomen

nausea and vomiting

A

Gallstones

28
Q

Malaise & fatigue

Nausea/vomiting

Right upper quadrant pain

Diarrhoea

Jaundice

Hepatomegaly &
Splenomegaly & lymphadenopathy

A

Acute Hepatitis

29
Q

fever and tachycardia

progressive peri umbilical pain that moves to the right iliac fossa.

Nausea and vomiting once or twice

no appetitie

Constipation

A

Appendicitis

30
Q

Colicky pain

Constipation

vomiting

Abdo distention

A

Bowel Obstruction (small would have vomiting earlier than large and constipation later)

31
Q

A lump within the groin

mildly painful

Typically non-reducible

A

Femoral Hernia

32
Q

groin lump which disappears on pressure or when the patient lies down

discomfort and ache: often worse with activity, severe pain is uncommon

A

Inguinal Hernia

Abdominal Core Conditions (9 decks)

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