What's in a Medicine

Question 1

What does a carboxyl group look like?

Answer 1

R-COOH

Question 2

What is the molecule called when you add carboxylic acid to a benzene ring

Answer 2

benzenecarboxylic acid (benzoic acid)

Question 3

What are the products of hydrolysing an ester with an alkali

Answer 3

A carboxylate salt and an alcohol

Question 4

What are the products of hyrdolysing an ester with water

Answer 4

Carboxylic acid and an alcohol

Question 5

What are the conditions for hydrolysing an ester with water

Answer 5

Dilute sulfuric acid as a catalyst

Question 6

When hydrolysing esters what is the preferred method

Answer 6

Using an alkali as it is not an equilibrium process

Question 7

What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids

Answer 7

Proton donor

Question 8

What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of bases

Answer 8

Proton acceptor

Question 9

Explain why a substance produces a spectrum showing absorption peaks when irradiated with infra-red frequencies

Answer 9

Bonds absorb specific frequencies causing different bonds to vibrate

Question 10

How would you test a substance for a phenol

Answer 10

Add iron (iii) chloride and it will go purple

Question 11

How would you make an ester

Answer 11

carboxylic acid and alcohol with concentrated sulphuric acid or HCl as a catalyst.

Question 12

What is a test for carboxylic acids

Answer 12

add a carbonate such as Na2CO3. Fizzing will be observed as CO2 is released

Question 13

How would you make aspirin

Answer 13

Its the product of esterifying salicylic acid with carboxylic acid

Question 14

What colour does the solution change to when adding acidified potassium dichromate to an alcohol

Answer 14

Orange to green

Question 15

Give 2 ways in which dehydration can occur with an alcohol

Answer 15

When heated with concentrated sulphuric acid or when the alcohol vapour is passed over a catalyst of alumina at 300 degrees

Question 16

Give the conditions needed to convert an alcohol into a aldehyde

Answer 16

Acidified dichromate and then distil

Question 17

Conditions and reactants needed to make an ester from carboxylic acid and alcohol

Answer 17

concentrated sulphuric acid and heat under r eflux

Question 18

The equation for the reaction of a carboxylic acid group with a hydroxide ion

Answer 18

COOH + OH- + COO- + water

Question 19

What are the products of reacting phenol with sodium carbonate

Answer 19

Nothing, they don’t react

Question 20

Why can a hydroxide ion be known as a base

Answer 20

They accept a proton

Question 21

Two compounds have different different relative molecular masses, what technique should be used to show this

Answer 21

Mass spectrometry

Question 22

What are the 3 questions drug trials need to answer

Answer 22

is it safe, effective and better than competitors

Question 23

What is combinatorial chemistry

Answer 23

A technique used to prepare a large number of related compounds quickly

Question 24

Dows alcohol react with NaOH

Answer 24

Nope

Question 25

Does phenol react with NaOH

Answer 25

Yes and they form their sodium salt

Question 26

Does carboxylic acid react with NaOH

Answer 26

Yes and they form their sodium salt

Question 27

How do you turn an alcohol into an alkene and what is the other product

Answer 27

Pass alcohol over hot catalyst of alumina (300oC). Other product is water

Question 28

Describe the smell of ethanoic acid

Answer 28

sweet

Question 29

What would prevent the further oxidation of aldehyde

Answer 29

acidified potassium dichromate distil off aldehyde as it is formed