What is geography? (unit 1) Flashcards
Geography is the study of everything about ______ and the _______ __________ with the earth.
earth, human interaction
where is it?
location
what is it like?
place
how is one area related to another?
region
how are people, goods and services transported?
Movement
how do people impact the earth? how does earth impact people?
Human-Environment interaction
creation ans study of maps
cartograpgy
person that makes maps
cartographer
help us find locations, identify connections, and analyze patterns
maps
half of the earth
hemisphere
divided from North Pole to the South Pole two halves are…
Eastern Hemisphere &
Western Hemisphere
divided at equator…
Northern Hemisphere & Southern Hemisphere
exact site of a place. an address for a home or business
absolute location
how many minutes for each degree?
60
compass rose identifies location in relation to…
Equator (zero degrees latitude) or Prime Meridian (zero degrees longitude)
0 at equator
measures distance between parallel line
north & south of equator
listed first
latitude
where is 90 degrees latitude
North Pole
never more than 90 degrees
Latitude
measures east & west
longitude
listed 2nd
highest measurement 180 degrees (corresponds with international date line)
longitude
measures distance between meridians
starts with prime meridian (0 degrees)
longitude
small distance on map is proportional to larger distance
scale
explains a place in relation to another location
does not use an address or latitude/longitude
less formal description
relative location
physical characteristic of location
ex: “on a hill” “in a dessert”
site
where place is in relation to surroundings
ex: “near Harrisonburg”
Situation
pro of globe
most accurate representation of earth
cons of globe
bulky
lack detail at large scale
pros of map
can be drawn many scales
protable
con of maps
always distorted
what is distorted on a map?
Shape
Area
Distance
Direction
(SADD)
longitude lines (meridians) are parallel causing distortion near poles
Mercator Projections
used for ship navigation because of true directions in lower latitudes
Mercator Projections
Mercator Projections
used for data representation (still has distortion near polar reagions)
Robinson Projection
Robinson Projection
centered at single point (usually poles)
distortion of shape and area under equator
Polar Projection
used by pilots for directions using great circle routes
Polar Projection
Polar Projection
displays landforms
physical maps
includes human created boundaries
Political Map
has a main idea: displays data
Thematic Map
a person’s internal visulizatier and perspective
Mental Map
Environmant items like invasive species or trash
cultural icons
artifacts
hear it from the person who experienced it
primary sources
hear it 2nd hand
secondary source
where things are and how they are separated
fieldwork and diagrams
ways to see the present of past
pictures and satellite images
provide statistical information that can be cearched in various ways
database
compination of maps and data from databases displayed on the map
a computer system that links two types of information
GIS (Geographic Information System)
person’s point of view
includes their culture, knowledge, and personal opinions
Perspective
Bias
Prejudice
