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PSC 123 > WHAT IS A STATE > Flashcards

WHAT IS A STATE Flashcards

1
Q

What is a state?

A

A state is an organization that maintains a monopoly of legitimate violence

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2
Q

What is a monopoly?

A

An institution that dominates a large portion of a market

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3
Q

What is legitimacy?

A

Legitimacy is an organization that is accepted by the public, giving it authority and power

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4
Q

What is violence?

A

violence is doing harm to others such as incarceration, the military, and the police

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5
Q

What do you need to establish a state?

A

Territory, land, and people (the ability to self govern)

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6
Q

What are the types of state violence?

A

Legitimate violence performed by legitimate state authorities
Ideological Violence which is through public institutions such as hospitals, the media, schools, etc

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7
Q

What is the state of nature?

A

It is an idea that Hobbs believes in where when there is no law, there’s no guarantee of property or rights. In this situation you’ll need protection.

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8
Q

What is the social contract?

A

It is where we pay the government through taxes, abiding the law, serving time in the military, etc in exchange for public goods.

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9
Q

What is sovereignty?

A

It is the ability to self-govern.

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10
Q

What is considered a failed state?

A
  1. When the violence evident in a state is against the existing government/regime
  2. When a state fails to deliver public goods such as education
  3. When there is a significant growth in criminal violence
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11
Q

What is a nation-state?

A

a European concept that was spread to the rest of the world after WWI and WWII.

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12
Q

What is a customary law?

A

Tribal law/ it changes from one community to another

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13
Q

How to strengthen a weaken state?

A

establish a constitution

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14
Q

What is direct tax?

A

simply a percentage of what you earn

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15
Q

What is indirect tax?

A

you need an agent such as IRS to collect taxes

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16
Q

What is a state-nation?

A

multiple nations are given varying degrees of autonomy under one central state

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17
Q

What is ethno linguistic fractionalization?

A

It is the likelihood that two random people that are chosen will be from different groups

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18
Q

What is ethno linguistic diversity?

A

Many different people from different cultures living in one nation

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19
Q

What is Nationalism?

A

pride in one’s people and national identity. It is a sense of belonging that is a collective belief that we’re a part of an imaginary community.

20
Q

What is patriotism?

A

pride in one’s land/state/country

21
Q

What is a vernacular?

A

dialect/language that was spoken among certain groups of people

22
Q

What does homogenize mean?

A

To make everything the same/ equal

23
Q

What are political attitudes?

A

views concerned with scope and pace of political change

24
Q

what are radicals?

A

people who believe the existing system is broken, so it needs to be replaced

25
Q

what are liberals?

A

they believe there is much to improve within our current political system, they are in favor of evolutionary change

26
Q

What are conservatives?

A

They don’t desire change and it is viewed as disruptive and the existing system should be maintained

27
Q

What are reactionaries?

A

They oppose the current system, restore previous system is considered to be superior

28
Q

What is an ideology?

A

it is a system of meanings that create a collective consciousness, ideals, and mobilize masses around these ideals to implement policy and maintain power

29
Q

What is liberalism?

A

it is concerned with individualism and acting freely without any intervention from the state

30
Q

What is communism?

A

Communists are against private ownership in means of production
-property rights must be abolished
- if they eliminate inequality, they will eliminate crime and will eventually not need lae Enforcement

31
Q

What is a social democracy?

A

it aims to find the middle ground between liberalism and communism

32
Q

what is fascism?

A

individuals who don’t like individual freedoms or equality

33
Q

what is anarchism?

A

anarchists reject any form of authority

34
Q

what is fundamentalism?

A

it is a tendency among certain groups to maintain strict interpretation of religious meanings

35
Q

what role does the state play in the economy?

A

it enforces property rights and contracts
it also regulates the market through trade, minimum wage, labor laws, interest rates, etc

36
Q

what is a market?

A

an interaction in between the forces of supply and demand

37
Q

What is the tragedy of the commons?

A

it is the depletion of shared resources (lakes, rivers, overfishing, etc)

38
Q

what is monetary policy?

A

the amount of money in circulation is pegged to the price and amount of gold reserves. (the government is in charge of this)

39
Q

What is fiscal policy?

A

the act of government taking goods. It is determined in the parliament and congress

40
Q

What is interest rate?

A

it is how much it costs to borrow money in the economy

41
Q

what is GDP?

A

it is the total market value of goods and services produced by one country in a year

Gross Domestic Product

42
Q

What is a democracy?

A

it is a system where political power resides within the people

43
Q

What is liberal democracy?

A

it is a political system that promotes participation, competition, and liberty and emphasizes individual freedom and civil rights

44
Q

What is the Gini coefficient?

A

it measures the extent to which actual income distribution deviates from perfectly equal distribution

45
Q

What is HDI?

A

it is income, life expectancy, and literacy

PSC 123 (2 decks)

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