What IS A PLANT????? Flashcards
Chlorophyll
Green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria
Photosynthesis
During photosynthesis a plant uses carbon dioxide gas and water
Chloroplasts
The structure in which food is made
Tissues
Groups of similar cells that perform a specific function in an organism
Vacuole
A large storage sac that can expand and shrink
Cuticle
Helps a plant reduce water loss
Vascular tissue
A system of tubelike structures inside a plant through which water, minerals, and food move
Sporophyte
A stage in which the plant produces spores
Gametophyte
A stage in which the plant produces to kinds of sex cells: sperm and egg cells
Annual
Flowering plants that complete a life cycle within one growing season
Biennial
Angiosperms that complete there life cycle in 2 years
Perennial
Flowering plants that live for more than 2 years
Fertilization
Occurs when a sperm cell unites with an egg cell
Zygote
The fertilized egg
Cone
Reproductive structures that are usually covered with scales. Most gymnosperm have these
Ovule
A structure that contains an egg cell
Fruit
The ripened ovary and other structures that enclose one or more seeds
Tropism
A plants growth response toward or away from a stimulus
Hormone
A chemical that affects how the plant grows and develops
Auxin
Speeds up the rate at which a plant’s cells grow and controls a plant
Photoperiodism
A plants response to seasonal changes in the length of night and day
Critical night length
The number of hours of darkness that determines whether or not a plant will flower
Short-day plant
Flower when the nights are longer than a critical length. They bloom in winter or fall
Long-day plant
Flower when nights are shorter than a critical length. They bloom in spring or summer
