What Is... Flashcards
A paradigm?
A perspective or viewpoint adopted, quantitative or qualitative.
Research?
Systematic enquiry for new knowledge (or to validate or refine knowledge)
Methodology?
The approach adopted for a study.
Approach?
The types of research within the perspectives - experimental/ethnography.
Method?
The tools and techniques used to undertake the study.
The design?
The research plan, what is done, and when.
Meta-analysis?
Quantitative research combined to give larger studies
Meta-synthesis?
Qualitative research synthesised together.
Accidental/convenience sampling?
Using most readily available subjects
Cluster sampling?
Large groups (nursing schools) followed by smaller units (nursing students)
A chi-squared test?
Non parametric
Test differences in proportions
Independent and dependent variables are nominal level variables
Symbolised as X2
N ?
Total number of subjects in a study.
The difference btw a probability and non-probability sample?
Open to all / randomly chosen
As opposed to chosen who takes part
Temporal effect?
An effect which takes place over a period of time.
A hypothesis?
A supposition or proposed explanation
The difference between internal and external validity?
Internal is whether it is a suitable test of the hypothesis
External is whether the study can be generalised beyond the immediate sample size
Descriptive statistics
Calculations, graphs, charts, tables, range, frequency and distribution
Inferential statistics
Make a summary
Probabilities - p value
Mean
Median
Mode
Mean average
Median
Middle
Mode most common
Range?
The difference btw largest observation of data set and the smallest - extreme values.
Standard deviation
Mean from each difference reported observation
Per-protocol
Only analyse those that have completed
Intention to treat
Analyse everyone despite whether they completed or not. You consider why they dropped out.
