What impact did the British have on Aboriginal people 1788-1829 Flashcards
What did Captain Cook do when he arrived in Australia in terms of aboriginals?
Ignored the Kings orders to obtain consent of the natives
What did Captain Cook say about the aboriginals?
That it was unnecessary to engage with aboriginals and that they had no claim to the land as they didn’t cultivate it
How many years had the Aboriginals been in Australia?
50,000+
What did the Aboriginals believe in?
Ancestor worship, dreaming, knowledge of land and its past and creatures
How many aboriginals were there?
300,000-700,000 to possibly 1 million
How did the aboriginals adapt to their environment?
Set permanent fish traps in rivers and boulders
Complex structures on stilts
Grew and harvested grain
How did the Yuin people attract whales
Lit fires to attract killer whales to herd larger whales
Drove them into shallow waters and killed them
Shared the tongue with the killer whale
How many Eora people were there?
2,500
Why did tensions grow between the British and the Eora people?
Convicts stole from them
When did the Aboriginals attack?
30 May 1788, 2 convicts were killed and their bodies were mangled and butchered
How did the British punish the convicts?
They were flogged in front of the Aboriginals and the Aboriginals turned their backs out of sympathy
What happened at the whale feats Phillip was invited to?
He was speared in the shoulder due to him kidnapping Aboriginal people
Who was Bennelong?
Senior Eora member
What happened between Bennelong and Phillip?
They maintained a relationship after he was freed§
What % of Aboriginals got wiped out by smallpox
50% as they had no resistance
What was smallpox used for against the Aboriginals
Deliberate biological warfare
How was smallpox transferred to the Aboriginals
By clothing and goods
What was martial law?
Legal immunity given to colonists for killing aboriginal people
When was martial law?
1829
What was the black line?
A 6 week military offence to drive out Aboriginal people
When was the black line?
1830
Where were the Aboriginals moved to?
Flinders island and they died out
What happened in the black war? (Tasmania)
600-900 Aboriginals were killed
200 Europeans were killed
When did the last Tasmanian die?
1876
When was the Appin massacre
17 April 1816
How did the Appin massacre happen?
It was the result of Macquarie’s orders of an expedition in the Liverpool district, Hawkesbury river and goose valley
What did Macquarie say about the clearing of the land and destroying of Aboriginal homes?
“Clear the land of Aboriginal people and to set examples through violence and hostage taking”
How many died in the Appin massacre?
14
What did Macquarie report about on the Appin massacre?
Informed Bathurst that several were unavoidably killed because they had not surrendered
What did the proclamation state?
No aboriginal could carry an offensive weapon within a mile of a white settlement
No gathering in groups of 6
Guven passports
