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HEART STUFFS LESS DO THIS THING > WHAT DIS ECG BIZ > Flashcards

WHAT DIS ECG BIZ Flashcards

1
Q

Irregularly irregular

A

AF, atrial flutter

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2
Q

Regularly Irregular

A

2nd degrees heart block

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3
Q

Left Axis deviation

A

Left ventricular hypertrophy, LBBB

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4
Q

Right Axis deviation

A

Right Ventricular hypertrophy, RBBB, PE

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5
Q

P mitrale

A

MS, left atrial enlargement

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6
Q

P Pulmonale

A

PE, right atrial enlargement

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7
Q

Fixed increased PR (>0.2s/5 small squares)

A

1st degree AV HB. Also narrow QRS.

–> inferior wall MI, hyperkal, beta blockers/CCBs

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8
Q

Fixed interval increase but dropped QRS

A

Mobitx T1 2nd degree AV HB
–> inferior wall MI, RhF, beta blockers/CCBs
Narrow QRS

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9
Q

Slowly increased PR irregularly then drop

A

Mobitz T2 2nd degree AV HB
Broad QRS
—> RhD, BBs

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10
Q

Delta slope

A

WPW/AVRT

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11
Q

Broad QRS (>0.12s/3squares)

A

Ventricular tachy, BBB, WPW S

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12
Q

Tall complex

A

Left ventricular hypertrophy

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13
Q

Pathological Q wave

A

Old infarct. (a bit of a deeper Q)

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14
Q

QT syndrome

A 
(Prolonged QT, >0.44s)
1. Congenital 
2. Hypomagnesemia 
3. Hypokalaemia 
4. Drug 
(MI, myocarditis) 
Increases risk of torsades de pointes
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15
Q

ST elevation

A

MI, pericarditis (saddle shaped), variant angina

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16
Q

ST depression

A

AVRT, Hypokal, posterior MI

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17
Q

T wave inversion

A

R ventricular strain, previous MI, BBB, PE

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18
Q

Tall T waves

A

Hyperkal,

Hyperacute STEMI

19
Q

Biphasic T wave

A

Ischaemia

20
Q

Flattened T waves

A

Ischaemia

21
Q

U waves

A

(small deflections after t waves)

Electrolyte imbalance

22
Q

LBBB - ECG, causes

A

2 deep S waves in V1, 2 tall R waves in V6
LAD
–> AS, IHD, hypertension, ant MI, Dilated cardiomyopathy

23
Q

RBBB - ECG, causes

A

2 tall R waves in V1, 2 deep S waves in V6

–> Cor pulmonale, PE (IDH, RhF)

24
Q

P and QRS asynchonised

A

3rd degree heart block
A cannon wave in JVP
Due to ant/inf MI, CHD, myocarditis, BBs

25
Q

AF

A

Irregularly irregular, no p waves

IHD, PE, thyrotox, caridomyopathy

26
Q

Atrial Flutter

A

300bpm
no t wave, saaw tooth patten
CAUSES: Coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, inflammation, blood pressure.
EFFECTS: Stroke, dyspnoea, dizziness, angina pectoris, palpitations

27
Q

Ventricular fibrillation

A

o Chaotic irregular deflections of varying amplitude
o No identifiable p waves, QRSs or T waves
o Rate 150-500bpm
o Amplitude decreases with duration
o Coronay heart disease, cardiomyopathy, echo

28
Q

Ventricular flutter

A

o Monomorphic sine wave
o >200bpm
o ECG identical when turned upside down

29
Q

AVNRT

A

 140-180bpm tachycardia
 QRS is narrow (unless pre-existing BBB)
 ST depression
 P waves may be buried in the QRS complex (it starts at the same time)

30
Q

AVRT

A

 200-300bpm
 Can be orthodromic (signal travels down via AV node) or antidromic (signal travels up via AV node)
 P waves may not be buried, but can be. May be retrograde
 Narrow QRS complexes (<120ms; unless pre-existing BBB)
 T wave inversion common
 ST segment depression

31
Q

Wolf Parkinson White Syndrome

A
  • Irregular rhythm, axis stable
  • PR interval shorter  Delta wave
  • Broad QRS (>120ms)
  • Leads to AVRT
32
Q

Torades de Pointes

A

 A type of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia when there is QT prolongation
 QRS “twists” around the isoelectric line.
 >220bpm  VF

33
Q

ST elevation:

V1-V4

A

Left Anterior Descending
Anterior MI
Also axis deviation
Pathological Q may be seen

34
Q

ST eelvation I, V5, V6

A

Left Circumflex,
Lateral MI
Also axis deviation
Pathological Q may be seen

35
Q

ST elevation

I, V1-V6

A

Left main Stem
Antriolatral MI
Also axis deviation
Pathological Q may be seen

36
Q

ST elevation

II, III, avF

A

Right Coronary Artery
Inferior MI
Also axis deviation
Pathological Q may be seen

37
Q

ST depression

V1-V4

A

Posterior Decending artery
Posterior MI
Also axis deviation
Pathological Q may be seen

38
Q

Pericarditis

A

 Widespread ST elevation on all ECG leads. Saddle shaped.
 PR depression on limb leads (except aVR, elevation)
 Sinus tachycardia is common (pain or pericardial effusion)
 After days/months, it is replaced by T Wave inversion

39
Q

vasospastic angina

A

ST elevation

40
Q

PE

A

o Sinus tachycardia & atria tachyarrhythmia
o Complete/incomplete RBBB
o ST elevation or depression
o Right ventricular strain (T wave inversion on V1-4, and inferior leads II, III, a)
o RAD
o P Pulmonale – Peaked p wave in Lead II
o S1Q3T3 (Deep S wave in I, Q wave in III and inverted T in III)

41
Q

Hypokal

A 
o	Increased amplitude 
o	PR prolongation 
o	T wave flattening and inversion 
o	ST Depression 
o	Prominent U waves 
o	(long QT interval)

Tx: potassium

42
Q

Hyperkal

A 
o	Peaked T waves (K>5.5)
o	Prolonged PR segment 
o	Loss/flattening of P waves (K>6.5)
o	Weird QRS complexes (broad and bradycardia) (K>7.5)
o	Sine wave if extreme

Tx: 10% 10ml calcium gluconate to stabilise the myocardium, then dextrose to prevent hypoglycaemia, and insulin to help the cells take up potassium (salbutamol may also be used instead of insulin)

43
Q

J waves

A

Hypothermia

44
Q

Causes of ventricular tachy? (2)

A

Hypomagnesium, and hypokal

HEART STUFFS LESS DO THIS THING (4 decks)

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