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External Eye Quiz > What are some conditions involving pupil size and function > Flashcards

What are some conditions involving pupil size and function Flashcards

1
Q

Both pupils may be constricted or dilated due to what?

A

Brain injury, prescription, or illegal drug use

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2
Q

Both pupils may be constricted or dilated due to what?

A

Brain injury, prescription, or illegal drug use

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3
Q

The conditions of pupil size and function ________ except for coloboma and Argyll Robertson pupil?

A

unilateral

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4
Q

What two conditions of pupil size and function are NOT unilateral?

A

Coloboma and Argyll Robertson pupil

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5
Q

This is pupil inequality

A

Physiologic (congenital) anisocoria

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6
Q

Physiologic anisocoria is pupil inequality of what size?

A
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7
Q

Are there companion symptoms associated with physiological anisocoria?

A

no

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8
Q

Inequality of pupil size.

A

Anisocoria

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9
Q

What can cause anisocoria?

A

Congenital, associated with head trauma or diseases of the nervous system.

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10
Q

A fixed, dilated pupil with poor response to the papillary reflexes.

A

Adie’s tonic pupil

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11
Q

Most cases of Adie’s’ tonic pupil are what?

A

Idiopathic

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12
Q

Failure of the iris to close during fetal development is called what?

A

coloboma

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13
Q

Coloboma is what shaped iris?

A

Keyhole-shaped

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14
Q

An irregular shaped pupil due to an adhesion.

A

Synechia

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15
Q

Synechia adheres what?

A

Part of the iris to the cornea in front of it or the lens behind it.

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16
Q

Synechia is secondary to what?

A

Trauma, surgery, cataracts, glaucoma, iritis, or other eye infections.

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17
Q

Synechia can lead to what?

A

Rapidly acute glaucoma and potential blindness in that eye.

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18
Q

Synechia can lead to what?

A

Rapidly acute glaucoma and potential blindness in that eye.

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19
Q

The conditions of pupil size and function ________ except for coloboma and Argyll Robertson pupil?

A

unilateral

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20
Q

What two conditions of pupil size and function are NOT unilateral?

A

Coloboma and Argyll Robertson pupil

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21
Q

This is pupil inequality

A

Physiologic (congenital) anisocoria

22
Q

Physiologic anisocoria is pupil inequality of what size?

A
23
Q

The damage to the cervical sympathetic trunk in Horner’s syndrome is from what?

A

mediastinal tumors

bronchogenic or metastatic cancer

24
Q

Inequality of pupil size.

A

Anisocoria

25
Q

What can cause anisocoria?

A

Congenital, associated with head trauma or diseases of the nervous system.

26
Q

A fixed, dilated pupil with poor response to the papillary reflexes.

A

Adie’s tonic pupil

27
Q

Most cases of Adie’s’ tonic pupil are what?

A

Idiopathic

28
Q

Failure of the iris to close during fetal development is called what?

A

coloboma

29
Q

Coloboma is what shaped iris?

A

Keyhole-shaped

30
Q

An irregular shaped pupil due to an adhesion.

A

Synechia

31
Q

Synechia adheres what?

A

Part of the iris to the cornea in front of it or the lens behind it.

32
Q

Synechia is secondary to what?

A

Trauma, surgery, cataracts, glaucoma, iritis, or other eye infections.

33
Q

Synechia can block what?

A

The flow of aqueous fluid

34
Q

Synechia can lead to what?

A

Rapidly acute glaucoma and potential blindness in that eye.

35
Q

What can cause Argyll Robertson pupil?

A

CNS defect resulting from syphilis

36
Q

Argyll Robertson pupil has a decrease or no response to what? But DOES respond to what?

A

Light reflexes

accommodation

37
Q

This condition results in mitosis and mild eye ptosis?

A

Horner syndrome

38
Q

Horner syndrome is due to what?

A

Interruption of sympathetic nerve supply to the eye.

39
Q

Horner syndrome is often associated with damage to what?

A

Cervical sympathetic trunk.

40
Q

The damage to the cervical sympathetic trunk in Horner’s syndrome is from what?

A

mediastinal tumors

bronchogenic or metastatic cancer

41
Q

Acute glaucoma called

A

Narrow angle

42
Q

What people are prone to acute glaucoma?

A

People with a shallow anterior chamber

43
Q

What becomes blocked in acute glaucoma?

A

Canal of Schlemm

44
Q

What happens in acute glaucoma?

A

Canal of Schlemm is blocked and aqueous fluid builds up rapidly in the eye.

45
Q

What signs and symptoms are associated with acute glaucoma?

A

Severe eye pain, blurred vision, report of seeing colored lights around bright objects, corneal edema, conjunctiva and perilimbal injection and a fixed dilated pupil.

46
Q

Unless the pressure can be reduced in acute glaucoma it will cause blindness in how long?

A

2-5 days

47
Q

What is the most common form of glaucoma?

A

chronic

48
Q

How to optometrist and ophthalmologist routinely assess people at risk of glaucoma?

A

“puff test”
tonometry
perimetry

49
Q

How can you distinguish btw benign red eye of conjunctivitis from red eye due to corneal abrasions, iritis, or acute glaucoma?

A

Conjunctivitis - blood vessels dilate from periphery (doesn’t touch limbus), vision is clear, burning/itching is mild. Both eyes involved simultaneously.

Others - blood vessel dilate from limbus –> periphery, conjunctiva and perilimbal injection (circumcorneal/ culinary), reported injury to eye, vision is infected, constricted pupil, ocular pain is a lot.

50
Q

What are warnings signs/symptoms of acute glaucoma?

A

Sudden, unexpected, escalating eye pain and/or altered vision in one eye, corneal edema, perilimbal and conjunctiva injection.

External Eye Quiz (7 decks)

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