Wet Brain Flash Cards
What artery do the posterior cerebellar and AICA come off of?
basilar artery
What artery does PICA come off of?
vertebral
What arteries supply the midbrain?
basilar artery (medially) *half of peduncle posterior cerebral and superior cerebellar artery (laterally)
What arteries supply the middle pons?
basilar artery (medially) AICA (laterally)
What arteries supply the upper medulla?
anterior spinal (inner 1/3)
vertebral (middle 1/3)
PICA (outer third)
What arteries supply the caudal medulla?
anterior spinal (near pyramids)
vertebral artery
PICA
posterior spinal
What are the basic deficits associated with damage to the arteries in the upper medulla or caudal medulla?
anterior spinal artery: alternating hemiplegia (tongue and body) (corticospinals/corticobulbars) with contralateral loss of TVP (medial lemniscus)
vertebral: contralateral loss of pain and temp in the body (ALS), contra incoordination (inferior olive), swallowing and speaking problems (nucleus ambiguus)
PICA: ipsi loss of pain and temp from the face (TTT), ipsi hearing loss (cochlear nuclei), balance deficits and nystagmus (vestibular nuclei)
What two arteries supply the pons? So what would deficits in these arteries cause?
basilar artery predominantly (a bit from AICA); deficits here would mostly affect all ascending tracts, the major descending tract, and any cranial nerve nuclei in the vicinity
As you move from the pons into the midbrain, the middle cerebellar peduncles give way to the (blank), the corticospinal and corticopontine fibers form the (blank), and the major ascending tracts get compressed into a fairly small area of the tegmentum. Also the fourth ventricle closes down to form the (blank).
superior cerebellar peduncles;
cerebral peduncles; cerebral aqueduct
In the midbrain, the base of the brainstem is marked by the massive (blank). The superior cerebellar peduncles are beginning to cross and the (blank) nerves are exiting dorsally.
cerebral peduncles; trochlear nerves
Where is another place for alternating hemiplegia? Why?
the midbrain; exiting nerve III and the cerebral peduncle (basilar artery)
What would happen if you damage if the basilar artery in the midbrain?
ipsilateral LMN syndrome due to CN 3 damage
contralateral UMN syndrome from cerebral peduncle damage
Lesions to ALS in the brainstem would cause (blank) deficits
contralateral
In the middle medulla, if you block either the vertebral artery (most common) or PICA, what will result?
lateral medullary artery syndrome; deficits include contra loss of pain and temp from body (ALS) and ipsi loss from face (Spinal nucleus and tract of 5), ipsi incoordination (olive, inferior cerebellar peduncle), ipsi palate weakness (nucleus ambiguus), ipsi hoarseness (muscles of larynx innervated by ambiguus), uvula deviation, Horner’s syndroms (descending sympathetics beside nucleus ambiguus)
What would medial medullary syndrome (alternating hemiplegia) cause?
Loss of descending corticospinal tract = upper motor neuron syndrom contralaterally
Loss of CN 12 nucleus and nerve fibers exiting b/w the olive = lower motor neuron syndrome of tongue
Loss of medial lemniscus = problems with TVP on opposite side
