Westward Migration

Question 1

Why did people move West?

Answer 1

Pull - Gold, land, freedom, Oregon trail
Push - Overcrowding, financial crisis, unemployment, Mormons persecuted
Manifest Destiny
The government published guidebooks to encourage migrants to go west
Whites wanted to populate the west.

Question 2

What was Manifest Destiny?

Answer 2

It was God’s will that White Americans should settle over all America

Question 3

What was the Gold Rush of 1849?

Answer 3

Gold was discovered in California in 1848, which led to huge migrations to the West.

Question 4

What were the consequences of the Gold Rush?

Answer 4

300000 more people by 1855,
Law problems,
Racial tensions,
Gold boosted economy,
railroad started,
Indians killed in California.

Question 5

What was the Oregon Trail?

Answer 5

The only practical way for migrants to get across the mountains by wagon.

Question 6

When did the first people travel the Oregon Trail?

Answer 6

1836

Question 7

What did the guidebook do and who wrote it?

Answer 7

Helped travellers on their journey and was written by John Fremont.

Question 8

Who sponsored the guidebook?

Answer 8

The government

Question 9

How long did it take to travel the Oregon Trail?

Answer 9

It took 8 months and it was approximately 3000km - They left in April, crossed 2 mountains (Rockies & Sierra Nevada), and then crossed desert

Question 10

What happened to the Donner Party in 1846?

Answer 10

They left in the winter and were trapped in snow on the Sierra Nevada mountain. Some survived by eating their friends.

Question 11

Who created the idea of Mormons?

Answer 11

Joseph Smith.

Question 12

What did the Mormons practise?

Answer 12

Polygamy

Question 13

What was the Police Force called?

Answer 13

Danites

Question 14

When was Smith killed?

Answer 14

1844

Question 15

Who took over when Smith was killed?

Answer 15

Brigham Young

Question 16

Where did the Mormons move to in the West?

Answer 16

Salt Lake City

Question 17

Why was their move successful?

Answer 17

Strong discipline during the journey,
Split into groups,
Advance Party made way for others,

Question 18

Why were Mormons successful in Salt Lake City?

Answer 18

The Mormon Church owned all the land, water and timber,
They allocated supplies to people,
Irrigation helped to farm,
Perpetual Emigration Fund helped other Mormons to join them,
Self-Sufficiency - had skills to survive on their own.

Question 19

What was the 1879 Exoduster movement?

Answer 19

Black Americans from south moving to kansas.

Question 20

What were the reasons for the Exoduster movement?

Answer 20

Slavery was abolished yet they were still being mistreated,

Question 21

Who encouraged the movement?

Answer 21

Benjamin Singleton

Question 22

How many black Americans moved?

Answer 22

40,000

Question 23

What were the consequences of the movement?

Answer 23

Other settlers took the best land,
Found it difficult to survive,
Mass migration ended in 1880

Question 24

What happened in 1889?

Answer 24

Indian territory in Oklahoma opened up to the white settlers in land rushes. First opened 2 million acres of land, thousands rushed to claim their 160 acres.