US Government & The Indians Flashcards
What divided Indian territory from the Eastern States?
Permanent Indian Frontier.
When did this change?
When the whites moved east across Indian land.
What was the Indian Appropriation Act of 1851?
The whites wanted to use Indian land. The Indians were paid to go onto reservations, stay away from whites and to learn to farm.
What was the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851?
As more whites moved west using the Oregon Trail tensions increased with the Indians. The migrants wanted more protection from the US Government which lead to the treaty being agreed upon.
What was the importance of the Fort Laramie Treaty?
Reservations were set up,
White Settlement on Plains increased,
Railroad started,
Military Posts set up in Indian territory,
Tribes got resources (Food & money)
White settlers along the Oregon Trail
What was the impact of the Fort Laramie Treaty on the Indians?
Expansion of the Railroad, growing Cattle Industry and gold prospecting increased pressure on the Indians’ way of life.
Railroad disrupted buffalo & led to their death
Railroads sold land to settlers
The government persuaded tribes to give up lands along the railroad routes & move onto reservations
More cattle in the west meant less grass to eat for the buffalo
Cattle trails crossed Indian land.
What was the Impact of the Governments policy?
The government moved more Indians onto reservations - Indians did this to survive,
The US government promised protection of land & regular food supply,
Tribes were desperate for food and would sign other treaties to get food. (Also forced by US army)
What were the impacts of the reservations?
No hunting,
Indians were dependent on food supplies,
Bureau of Indian Affairs agents that ran reservations were often corrupt & cheated Indians,
President Grant’s Policy realised bad management led to conflict, new religious agents were appointed,
An Indian called Ely Parker was made commissioner of Indians Affairs, with a budget of $2 million to spend on reservations,
Indians who resisted being moved to reservations were seen as hostile and force could be used.
