western rebellion Flashcards
when did the Western rebellion take place
1549
who was the leader of the rebellion and what was he like as a leader
Sir Humphrey Arundell - part of the lower gentry and so lacked military strategic and education
what were the religious causes of the rebellion
-six article act of 1539 stated that catholic services and sacraments would be upheld after the death of Henry VIII, Edward made changes to the catholic prayer book
what changes did Edward make to the catholic prayer book
-protestant prayer book issued in 1549 = church services to be said in English as opposed to latin, transubstantiation taken out of services
who helped Edward to change the catholic prayer book
the Duke of Somerset and Cranmer embarked on destroying Catholic practices
what act was established in 1548
abolition of chantries (provided nursing and education)
what were the economic causes of the rebellion
numerous taxes being made hard resulted in the common people from suffering from high rent increases, debasement of the coinage and inflation
what happened to inflation between 1547-47
wheat prices quadrupled which had an alarming impact on farming
what act was passed in 1549
the act of uniformity - unlawful to use latin liturgical rites
when was the first outbreak within the rebllion
a year before the actual rebellion took place - in April 1548 William Body was murdered within the town of helston
who was William Body
a much hated government commissioner who overlooked the destruction of church images
what happened as a result of the outbreak in helston
ten men were ordered to be hung, drawn and quartered showing the brutality of the government
what happened at Courtenay in 1549
the citizens rebelled, and when a member of the gentry intervened he was killed by the rebels
where did the rebels march after Courtenay
to Crediton - where Arundell established a Cornish force of 6000 and fortified the town
what was the government response to the rebels in Crediton
the government, under Peter Carew, sent a small force with instructions to show leniency when dealing with the rebels
how effective was Peter caress leadership
Carew failed to meet with rebels and an accidental burning of barns in Crediton made tensions with the rebels worse
what strategic decision did Arundell make after the rebellion in Crediton
to instead capture Exeter instead of marching towards London - a strategic mistake
what was the government response to failure of Carew
Carew was replaced by Lord Russel to deal with the rebellion
how effective was the leadership of lord Russel
russel was brutal in the way he dealt with the rebels - equipped with 8,000 mercenaries
what happened on august 3rd
mercenaries arrive, under lord grey, to support Russel, enabling them to march on Exeter
what happened on the 6th of august
after just 3 days, Russel had defeated the rebels in battles such as Cyst St Mary
what happened on august 16th
Russel led a royal army against the reformed rebels in Sampford Courtenay - in total 4,000 rebels were killed in their defeat
what were the political impacts of the rebellion
Marshall law was established in Cornwall and Somerset was arrested and removed from council
what is martial law
direct military control normal civilian functions of government
what were the economic impacts of the rebellion
subsidy act (which justified taxations, established in 1534 by Cromwell) was appealed - Edwardian government less punishing on peasants
what were the religious impacts of the rebellion
clear that the government were set on making the country protestant, no chances of restoration, just reformation of religion
how effective was Arundel’s leadership
kept control, and discipline of the rebels by dividing them into detachments under control of colonels, majors, captains and the clergy
what was the eight articles act drawn up by the rebels
where the rebels expressed their want for the return of the religious beliefs and practices
how effective, overall, was government response to the rebels
government response was slow as a result of Somerset having economic issues - such as the war against Scotland - happening at home
