western rebellion

Question 1

when did the Western rebellion take place

Answer 1

1549

Question 2

who was the leader of the rebellion and what was he like as a leader

Answer 2

Sir Humphrey Arundell - part of the lower gentry and so lacked military strategic and education

Question 3

what were the religious causes of the rebellion

Answer 3

-six article act of 1539 stated that catholic services and sacraments would be upheld after the death of Henry VIII, Edward made changes to the catholic prayer book

Question 4

what changes did Edward make to the catholic prayer book

Answer 4

-protestant prayer book issued in 1549 = church services to be said in English as opposed to latin, transubstantiation taken out of services

Question 5

who helped Edward to change the catholic prayer book

Answer 5

the Duke of Somerset and Cranmer embarked on destroying Catholic practices

Question 6

what act was established in 1548

Answer 6

abolition of chantries (provided nursing and education)

Question 7

what were the economic causes of the rebellion

Answer 7

numerous taxes being made hard resulted in the common people from suffering from high rent increases, debasement of the coinage and inflation

Question 8

what happened to inflation between 1547-47

Answer 8

wheat prices quadrupled which had an alarming impact on farming

Question 9

what act was passed in 1549

Answer 9

the act of uniformity - unlawful to use latin liturgical rites

Question 10

when was the first outbreak within the rebllion

Answer 10

a year before the actual rebellion took place - in April 1548 William Body was murdered within the town of helston

Question 11

who was William Body

Answer 11

a much hated government commissioner who overlooked the destruction of church images

Question 12

what happened as a result of the outbreak in helston

Answer 12

ten men were ordered to be hung, drawn and quartered showing the brutality of the government

Question 13

what happened at Courtenay in 1549

Answer 13

the citizens rebelled, and when a member of the gentry intervened he was killed by the rebels

Question 14

where did the rebels march after Courtenay

Answer 14

to Crediton - where Arundell established a Cornish force of 6000 and fortified the town

Question 15

what was the government response to the rebels in Crediton

Answer 15

the government, under Peter Carew, sent a small force with instructions to show leniency when dealing with the rebels

Question 16

how effective was Peter caress leadership

Answer 16

Carew failed to meet with rebels and an accidental burning of barns in Crediton made tensions with the rebels worse

Question 17

what strategic decision did Arundell make after the rebellion in Crediton

Answer 17

to instead capture Exeter instead of marching towards London - a strategic mistake

Question 18

what was the government response to failure of Carew

Answer 18

Carew was replaced by Lord Russel to deal with the rebellion

Question 19

how effective was the leadership of lord Russel

Answer 19

russel was brutal in the way he dealt with the rebels - equipped with 8,000 mercenaries

Question 20

what happened on august 3rd

Answer 20

mercenaries arrive, under lord grey, to support Russel, enabling them to march on Exeter

Question 21

what happened on the 6th of august

Answer 21

after just 3 days, Russel had defeated the rebels in battles such as Cyst St Mary

Question 22

what happened on august 16th

Answer 22

Russel led a royal army against the reformed rebels in Sampford Courtenay - in total 4,000 rebels were killed in their defeat

Question 23

what were the political impacts of the rebellion

Answer 23

Marshall law was established in Cornwall and Somerset was arrested and removed from council

Question 24

what is martial law

Answer 24

direct military control normal civilian functions of government

Question 25

what were the economic impacts of the rebellion

Answer 25

subsidy act (which justified taxations, established in 1534 by Cromwell) was appealed - Edwardian government less punishing on peasants

Question 26

what were the religious impacts of the rebellion

Answer 26

clear that the government were set on making the country protestant, no chances of restoration, just reformation of religion

Question 27

how effective was Arundel’s leadership

Answer 27

kept control, and discipline of the rebels by dividing them into detachments under control of colonels, majors, captains and the clergy

Question 28

what was the eight articles act drawn up by the rebels

Answer 28

where the rebels expressed their want for the return of the religious beliefs and practices

Question 29

how effective, overall, was government response to the rebels

Answer 29

government response was slow as a result of Somerset having economic issues - such as the war against Scotland - happening at home