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Humanities > Western Civs. > Flashcards

Western Civs. Flashcards

1
Q

Chorus

A

Voice for audience

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2
Q

Hamartia

A

Flaw that causes fall of protagonist

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3
Q

Anagnorisis

A

Recognition of their own nature

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4
Q

Hubris

A

Excessive pride leads to doom

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5
Q

Catharsis

A

Pity and fear in audience, for empathetic audience to relate deeply to story

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6
Q

Aristotle’s Tragic Hero
(5 rules)

A
  1. Nobility
  2. Tragic flaw
  3. Reversal of fortune
  4. Downfall
  5. Recognition of mistake in catharsis
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7
Q

Epic Hero

A

Best of the best, everyone loves them, great warrior, travels far and receive aid from a God or battles an enemy

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8
Q

Pythagoras

A

math and astronomy

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9
Q

Aristotle

A

student of Plato and had an importance on western thoughts intellectually

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10
Q

Plato

A

wrote The Republic emphasizing that society should be ruled by highly educated “guardians” but have a philosopher king

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11
Q

Socrates

A

encouraged people to follow wisdom , followed Socratic method, forced to drink Hemlock

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12
Q

Muses

A

9 godesses that had artistic talents and were beautiful

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13
Q

Doric

A

Manly column, simple

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14
Q

Ionic

A

Feminine column, scroll-like decorations

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15
Q

Corinthian

A

Fancy column, prefered by the Greeks

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16
Q

Roman Art

A

Influenced by Greeks, more materialistic

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17
Q

Greek Art

A

women fully clothed in draped garments, Athens was center, sculptures used as propaganda in grave moments

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18
Q

Roman architecture

A

concrete-domed buildings, arch, amphitheater design

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19
Q

Greek architecture

A

tall columns, intricate detail, SYMMETRY, harmony, and balance.

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20
Q

Oedipus

A

king of Thebes, accidentally fulfilled a prophecy that he would end up killing his father and marrying his mother, thereby bringing disaster to his city and family

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21
Q

Odyssey

A

focuses on life’s greater purpose through the fulfillment of destiny, perseverance, and loyalty. Odysseus’s 10yr struggle to return home from the Trojan War wherein he faces mythical beasts, the wrath of gods

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22
Q

Rage of Achilles

A

“wrath” of Achilles is the opening word and holds true significance to whole story

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23
Q

Alexander the Great

A

created empire that after it fell, caused Hellenistic culture to spread

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24
Q

Downfall of Greece

A

The constant war divided the Greek city-states into shifting alliances, and citizens suffered. became a dictatorship and rising tension between ruling aristocracy and poorer classes

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25
Q

Downfall of Rome

A

Barbarians and unstable gov.

26
Q

Athens

A

Greek city-state known for their development of an early democracy

27
Q

Sparta

A

Greek city-state known for its highly militarized society

28
Q

Augustus

A

1st emperor during the Imperial Cult
- took many measures to protect himself

29
Q

Hellenism

A

blending of the Greek culture with Egyptian and Persian culture

30
Q

Oligarchy

A

small group of people having control, population of slaves was bigger than privileged: politicians, aristocrats, and soldiers

31
Q

Pax Romana

A

encouraged inllectual growth and propaganda, 200 yrs

32
Q

Punic Wars with Carthage

A

Impact: Gives Rome hegemony over the Western Mediterranean/ enhanced Rome’s power globally/ Helped establish Rome as empire, ended by burning Carthage

33
Q

Delian League

A

alliance of Greek city-states created by Poleis and dominated by Athens to stall Persian attacks

34
Q

Democracy

A

gov that’s ruled by the people, established in Athens (Cleisthenes!!)

35
Q

Theocracy

A

political unit governed by a deity, religiously based

36
Q

Republic

A

Roman where wealthy Romans elected leaders to make the government decisions

37
Q

Roman Forum

A

public place where people could meet and exchange goods and ideas

38
Q

Imperial Cities

A

city that is seat of empire (Rome)
-ruled by military emperors

39
Q

Spread of Christianity

A

bc of empire’s unification and extensive road system
- CONSTANTINE

40
Q

Judaism

A

Monotheism, Supported by Julius Caesar and Augustus

41
Q

Constantine

A

first to convert to Christianity, he signed the Edict of Milan which made Christianity the main religion of Rome, and created the city of Constantinople

42
Q

Edict of Milan

A

signed by Constantine and Licinius, tolerance of Christianity with freedom of faith without persecution

43
Q

Etruscans

A

first rulers of Rome

44
Q

Ptolemaic

A

dynasty that ruled Egypt after Alexander’s death

45
Q

Seleucid

A

dynasty that ruled Asia after Alexander’s death

46
Q

Effects of the Greco-Persian War

A

Persia lost a lot of control and the cities of Ionia were also liberated
-started a 50 yr golden age
-caused a Peloponnesian War
-begins an East/West side divide

47
Q

Jewish Diaspora

A

migration of Jewish from their homeland bc Romans destroyed their temple and took Judea

48
Q

Pericles

A

Greek politician and general during the Golden Age of Athens, democracy flourished

49
Q

Centralization

A

Roman Republic was more centralized than classical Greece bc it started from single city state and became powerful

50
Q

Julius Caesar

A

transformed Rome from a republic to an empire, died at the hands of the Roman senators

51
Q

Cult of Caesar

A

honored Caesar after his death by Romans

52
Q

Legal Codes

A

Rome: Twelve Tables, had legal concepts to help resolve conflict between patricians, the wealthy and privileged landowners, and the people

53
Q

Spread of Disease

A

Greeks believed that angry Gods caused diseases, sacrifice and prayers were ways to search for remedy

54
Q

Parthenon

A

temple by Pericles, center of religious life, head of the Delian League, dedicated to Athena

55
Q

Trade

A

Traded through Appian Way, Silk Roads, Mediterranean

56
Q

Role of Elites

A

ROME
-Patricians: upper-class, made up Senate
GREECE
-from Athens, responsible for everything

57
Q

Classical Greece

A

period between Persian wars and after Alexander’s death
-war and conflict
-democracy was refined by Pericles

58
Q

Eurasia

A

China, India, and the Mediterranean, connected by the silk road,

59
Q

Greece Geography

A

SURROUNDED BY WATER
Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Aegean Sea to the east.
-mountains and other obstacles led to city-states

60
Q

Diocletian

A

divided Roman Empire into West and East

61
Q

Nero

A

murdered people, and set Rome on fire

Humanities (2 decks)

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