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World History > Western Asia and Egypt > Flashcards

Western Asia and Egypt Flashcards

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1
Q

Sumerians

A

The creators of the first Mesopotamian civilization

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2
Q

city-state

A

The basic units of Sumerians civilization

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3
Q

ziggurat

A

A temple built atop a massive stepped tower used for worship

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4
Q

polytheistic

A

the belief in multiple gods

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5
Q

fertile crescent

A

the arc of land from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf containing rich soil

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6
Q

theocracy

A

a gov. by divine authority

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7
Q

empire

A

A large political unit controlling many states

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8
Q

patriarchal

A

male-dominancy

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9
Q

cuneiform

A

a system of writing created by the Sumerians using wedge shaped impressions in clay

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10
Q

Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

A

The two rivers in which between them lies Mesopotamia

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11
Q

Ur, Uruk, Babylon

A

Main cities in Mesopotamia

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12
Q

Hammurabi

A

A king of Babylon who created a Mesopotamian kingdom

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13
Q

Code of Hammurabi

A

The very first code of law written for a society

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14
Q

Dynasty

A

A family of rulers whose right to rule is passed down

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15
Q

Pharaoh

A

An Egyptian King who was believed to rule divinely

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16
Q

bureaucracy

A

An administrative organization with officials and regular procedures

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17
Q

vizier

A

In charge of the gov. bureaucracy (2nd in command)

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18
Q

mummification

A

a process of slowly drying a dead body for preservation

19
Q

hieroglyphics

A

a system of writing by drawing pictures

20
Q

Lower Egypt

A

The area in the Nile Delta

21
Q

Upper Egypt

A

The land upstream and to the south of the Nile Delta

22
Q

How did geography impact Egyptian society?

A

Nile river flooded yearly which gave a sense of security
The Nile also unified Lower and Upper Egypt
Egypt had many natural barriers which gave protection and security

23
Q

Explain the significance of the ruler’s title “Son of Re”

A

It showed how the Egyptians believed that the rulers have divine rule and were godly themselves

24
Q

Pastoral Nomads

A

A group of people who moved along regular migratory routes to feed their herds and sometimes overran cities

25
Q

Monothiestic

A

Belief in one god

26
Q

Indo-Europeans

A

a nomadic people who used a language derived from a single parent tongue

27
Q

Phoenicians

A

A group of people who lived on the northern Palestinian-Mediterranian coast

28
Q

hitties

A

Created a powerful empire in western Asia

29
Q

Israelites

A

Lived south of the Phoenicians in Palestine and were Semitic speaking, Judaism, their religion influenced the later religions of Christianity and Islam

30
Q

King Solomon

A

A prominent Israeli king who greatly strengthened royal power, expanded the army, and encouraged trade. Also very wise.

31
Q

Jerusalem

A

Capitol of Israel

32
Q

The Divided Kingdom

A

After Solomon’s death, the kingdom was split into the Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah

33
Q

Assyrians

A

A Semitic speaking people who exploited the use of iron weapons to create their empire

34
Q

Assyrian Empire

A

Extended through Mesopotamia and into Egypt and across Asia Minor

35
Q

Chaldean Empire

A

Nebuchadnezzar was the king who made Babylonia the capitol but quickly fell to Persians

36
Q

Persian Empire

A

The Persians were an Indo-European, nomadic people who lived in Iran.

37
Q

Cyrus (“The Great”)

A

A Persian leader who unified the Persians’ unlike their previous sparse groups. Known for his wisdom

38
Q

Darius

A

A Persian ruler who divided the empire into provinces and extended the empire extensively

39
Q

Satrapies

A

The Persian province

40
Q

Satrap

A

A Persian governor who ruled a Satrapy. In charge of collecting taxes, justice, and recruiting soldiers

41
Q

The Royal Road

A

A road which extended and connected much of the empire

42
Q

Immortals (by Persian definitions)

A

An elite infantry force which was called this b/c their numbers would not fall below 10,000

43
Q

Monarchy

A

rule by king or queen

44
Q

Zoroaster

A

The Persian religion which was monotheistic

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