Wellness and Disease

Question 1

is the active pursuit of activities, choices, and lifestyles that lead to a state of holistic
health- Global Wellness Institute

Answer 1

Wellness

Question 2

is the act of practicing healthy habits on a daily basis to attain better physical and
mental health outcomes so that instead of just surviving, you’re thriving.- Pfizer

Answer 2

Wellness

Question 3

failure of the body defense mechanism to cope with forces tending to disturb body
equilibrium.

Answer 3

Disease

Question 4

Ecologic concept of disease based on 3 premises of the biologic laws

Answer 4

▪ Disease is a result of the imbalance between the forces of the agent and the host
▪ The resulting imbalance depends on the nature of the agent and the host
▪ The nature of the agent and the host and their interaction depend on the environment

Question 5

Complete disease process starting from without or within the individual resulting in changes in body
form and function until equilibrium is reached, or recovery or death of the individual

Answer 5

Natural History of Disease

Question 6

Natural History of Disease

Answer 6

1. Portal of Entry
2. Incubation Period
3. Clinical Manifestation of Disease or Clinical Horizon
4. Outcome of Disease
5. Period of Communicability

Question 7

Portal of Entry

Answer 7

Respiratory Tract
Genito-Urinary Tract
Gastro-Intestinal Tract
Skin
Blood Stream

Question 8

Incubation Period

Answer 8

• Interval between the time of entry of the agent into the host and onset of signs and symptoms of disease, it varies from one
  disease to another

Question 9

Clinical Manifestation of disease or Clinical Horizon

Answer 9

Fever
Rash
Other symptoms like Jaundice
Nausea and Vomiting
Measurement of Physiologic data is abnormal
Positive laboratory tests of urine, blood, stools

Question 10

Outcome of Disease

Answer 10

• a. Chronic condition
• b. Carrier state
• c. Temporary disability
• d. Permanent disability
• e. Death
• f. Complete recovery

Question 11

Period of Communicability

Answer 11

The period during which the patient is infectious

Question 12

is the organic body where the agent depends for survival

Answer 12

Host

Question 13

influenced by sex, age, nutrition, heredity, and personality
development; habits and customs, race, previous experience

Answer 13

Resistance/Susceptibility

Question 14

Human, Animal

Answer 14

Host

Question 15

Climate, Housing, Healthcae settings, Travel

Answer 15

Environment

Question 16

Viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites

Answer 16

Agent

Question 17

is the substance or force whose presence or absence causes disease

Answer 17

Agent

Question 18

Types of Agent

Answer 18

Biologic
Physical
Chemical
Nutrient
Mechanical

Question 19

Characteristics of Agents

Answer 19

Mode of transmission
Virulence
Organ of Parasitism
Immunity Conferred

Question 20

a measure of the severity of the reaction

Answer 20

Virulence

Question 21

Types of Disease Agents

Answer 21

Biologic Agent
Nutrient Agent
Chemical Agent
Physical Agent
Mechanical Agent

Question 22

These living agents that parasitize man

Answer 22

Biologic agent

Question 23

Examples are Arthropods, Helminths, Protozoa, Fungi, Bacteria, Rickettsiae, Viruses

Answer 23

Biologic Agent

Question 24

Classified as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water

Answer 24

Nutrient Agent

Question 25

These agents maybe classified according to the mode of acquisition

Answer 25

Chemical Agent

Question 26

This category comprises such factors as abnormalities at atmospheric pressure, temperature, and humidity in industry

Answer 26

Physical Agent

Question 27

These agents are chronic friction and other mechanical forces that add unusual stresses to body mechanisms resulting in crushing, tearing, penetrating, wounds, sprains, dislocations, and or fractures

Answer 27

Mechanical agent

Question 28

Different types of Disease Agents

Answer 28

Arthropods Helminths Protozoa Fungi Bacteria Rickettsia Viruses

Question 29

Flies, lice, ticks, mites, fleas

Answer 29

Arthropods

Question 30

Ascaris, schistosomes, hookworms

Answer 30

Helminths

Question 31

Malaria, amoebae, leismania

Answer 31

ProtozoaA

Question 32

Actinomycetes, monilia, histoplasma

Answer 32

Fungi

Question 33

Cholera vibrio, streptococci, salmonella

Answer 33

Bacteria

Question 34

R. prowaseki, R. quintana

Answer 34

Rickettsia

Question 35

Influenze virus, psittacosis virus

Answer 35

Viruses

Question 36

is the sum of all forces that influence the growth and development of an organism

Answer 36

Environment

Question 37

Reservoirs of Infections are:

Answer 37

Man Animal Inaminate organic matter Plant Soil

Question 38

Thing, person, object or substance from which an infectious agent passes immediately to a host

Answer 38

Sources of Infections

Question 39

This includes the geological structure of the area such as the hills, valleys, plateaus, soil, and rock composition, and the presence of water, plants, etc.

Answer 39

Physical

Question 40

The richer the area, the better the environmental sanitation, disposal of sewage and garbage, availability of medical facilities, etc.

Answer 40

Socio-economic

Question 41

This includes the “universe of living things that surround man, all else than man himself.”

Answer 41

Biologic