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GCSE History > Weimar Germany > Flashcards

Weimar Germany Flashcards

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1
Q

When did WW1 end?

A

1918

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2
Q

What were the 3 main impacts of WW1 on Germany?

A

Deepened divide between rich and poor, Germany was bankrupt and had an unstable democracy

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3
Q

How many children were left fatherless by the war?

A

2 million (and there were about 600,000 widows too)

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4
Q

When did the Kaiser abdicate his throne?

A

9th November 1918

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5
Q

Who became the new leader (after the Kaiser) and when?

A

Socialist leader Freidrich Ebert became leader of the new republic of Germany the next day

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6
Q

When did the first free elections take place?

A

January 1919

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7
Q

Who was voted in (in Jan 1919) and where was the new government?

A

Freidrich Ebert was voted in, and the new republic was in the small town of Weimar- not Berlin- hence named the Weimar Republic

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8
Q

Why was the new republic not in Berlin?

A

Berlin was seen as violent and unstable

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9
Q

Who could vote in this democracy?

A

Anyone, male or female, over the age of 20

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10
Q

How were seats in the Reichstag decided?

A

By proportional representation

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11
Q

Who was responsible for the day to day running of the government?

A

The Chancellor, but he needed support of half of the Reichstag

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12
Q

Who was head of state (above the chancellor)?

A

The president

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13
Q

What powers did the president have?

A

President: stayed out of day to day running of the government but had emergency powers through article 48

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14
Q

Who led the Spartacist uprising?

A

Frank Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg

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15
Q

When was the Spartacist uprising?

A

Early 1919

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16
Q

What was the Spartacist uprising?

A

A communist uprising joined by rebel soldiers and sailors, however they were defeated by the Freikorps- ex military who opposed communism. Spartacist leaders were murdered.

17
Q

What was the Bavarian revolution?

A

Communists in Bavaria (south Germany) seized power when Kurt Eisner (Ebert’s ally and socialist leader of Bavaria) was murdered in Feb 1919.

18
Q

How was the Bavarian revolution defeated?

A

The Freikorps crushed the revolt in May 1919. Around 600 communists were killed

19
Q

When were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles announced?

A

May 1919

20
Q

What did Germany lose in the terms of the treaty of Versailles?

A

20% of its land; all overseas colonies; 12.5% population; 16% coal industry and 48% of its iron industry

21
Q

What else did Germany have to do (in the Treaty of Versailles)?

A

Reduce army to 100,000- no air force at all

Had to accept blame for the war and pay reparations

22
Q

When was the Kapp Putsch?

A

March 1920

23
Q

What was the Kapp Putsch?

A

A right wing revolt of 5000 Freikorps in Berlin, who the army refused to fire upon

24
Q

Who led the Kapp Putsch?

A

Dr Wolfgang Kapp, who later died awaiting trial

25
Q

How was the Kapp Putsch defeated?

A

The German workers declared a general strike; stopping transport, power and water

26
Q

How much was the reparations bill?

A

Announced in April 1921 it was £6600 million

27
Q

What happened when Germany failed to pay the reparations in 1922?

A

The French and Belgian troops invaded the Ruhr and began to take reparations in the forms of raw materials

28
Q

What did the government tell the workers to do in the Ruhr?

A

Go on strike- resulting in 100 worker deaths; 100,000 workers expelled (by French) and the collapse of German currency

29
Q

What did the government do to try to pay off reparations?

A

Print more money; resulting in Hyperinflation

30
Q

Who lost the most from hyperinflation?

A

Those with savings- which became completely worthless

31
Q

By November 1923 how much was £1 worth?

A

14,000,000,000,000 marks

32
Q

Who took over the government from Ebert and when?

A

Gustav Stresemann in August 1923

33
Q

Which party did Friedrich Ebert lead?

A

The Social Democrats

34
Q

What was the first thing that Ebert did in government?

A

He ended Germany’s involvement in WW1

35
Q

What basic human rights did Ebert guarantee for the German people?

A

Freedom of speech, freedom of religion and a vote

36
Q

What else did Ebert attempt to improve for the German people?

A

Help for unemployed, better housing, shorter working hours, more food supplies

GCSE History (10 decks)

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