weimar birth

Question 1

give 2 impacts of ww1 on germany

Answer 1

1. strikes
2. political violence

Question 2

why was Kaiser Wilhelm abdicated?

Answer 2

due to rebellions from the german navy leading to social outrage- the germans were upset at their loss of the war

Question 3

as chancellor

who replaced Keiser Wilhelm?

Answer 3

Friedrich Ebert

leader of the social democratic party

Question 4

what did Friedrich Ebert introduce in 1919?

Answer 4

a new constituion

Question 5

what was the Sparticist uprising 1919?

Answer 5

a communist uprise in attempt to seize power.

Question 6

what happened in the Sparticist uprising 1919?

Answer 6

1. 50,000 communists attempted to violently overthow the central government
2. in the centre of berlin, the workers went on strike and seized communication and news buildings
3. The Freikorps put the uprising down, killing 100 people

Question 7

who led the Sparticist uprising 1919?

Answer 7

Karl Liebkneckt and Rosa Luexmburg

they were brutally murdered by the Freikorps as a result

Question 8

give 3 features of the Treaty of Versaille

Answer 8

1. £6.6 bn in reparations
2. 100,000 cap on german soldiers
3. territory such as colonies seized

Question 9

what was the munich Putsch 1923?

Answer 9

a nazi uprising attempted to overthrow the government

Question 10

what happened in the 1923 munich Putsch?

Answer 10

1.Hitler and the SA raided a beer hall where a political meeting was occuring
2.they aimed to make General Ludendorff the leader of germany
3. the politicans were forced to publicly announce their support of the Nazis
4. Hitler left and Ludendorff freed the politicans, they renounced their support for the Nazis immediately
5. The nazis (including Hitler and Ludendorff) marched into Munich the next morning and were coonfronted by the army.
6. shots were fired and the SA and Nazis scattered

Question 11

what happened to Hitler after the uprising?

Answer 11

he was sentenced to 5 years in jail (served 9 months) and wrote Mein Kampf as a result.
Mein Kampf contained his fascist ideas and plans for the German economy

Question 12

give a consequence of the Sparticist uprising and the Kapp Putsch

Answer 12

The Weimar was put under threat as opposition to the government increased

Question 13

give 2 strengths of the Weimar constitution

1919

Answer 13

1. All Germans over 20 could vote for Parliament
2. A bill of rights - all Germans were given freedom of speech, religion and equality

Question 14

give 2 weaknesses of the Weimar constituiton

Answer 14

1. Proportional representation- many small parties were represented in the Reichstag making it hard to pass laws
2. Article 48- the president could pass laws without the parliament in the case of emergencys, however this was abused leading to faith being lost in democracy

Question 15

what did Wolgang Kapp lead in 1920?

Answer 15

The Kapp Putsch. a freikorps takeover in reaction to the Freikorps being disbanded. However this was crushed as workers went on strike and refused to co-operate.

Question 16

why did the French take over the Ruhr in 1923?

Answer 16

as Germany missed a reparation payment in late 1922.

Question 17

why was the Ruhr important to Germany?

Answer 17

as it was an economic hub with coal mines, railways and factories

Question 18

how did the government react to the French occupation of the Ruhr?

Answer 18

they ordered workers to follow a policy of ‘passive resistance’ where they woudl refuse to co-operate.
In return their wages would still be paid.

as a result the french responded firmly and expelled or killed workers

Question 19

What did the German government do in order to continue to pay the Ruhr workers?

Answer 19

print more money, contributing to hyperinflation

Question 20

how did 1923 hyperinflation impact society?

Answer 20

savings and people on fixed incomes became practically worthless, leading to high rates of poverty
farmers and business men benefitted as they were still in high demand and could pay off loans easily.

Question 21

when was Stresseman elected into power?

Answer 21

1923

Question 22

How did Stresseman combat hyperinflation?

Answer 22

1. ended passive resistance in the Rhur, allowing goods to be back in production
2. introduced the Rentenmark which was based on property and industry making it more stable
3. reduced government spending by firing 700,000 government employees

Question 23

what happened to Stresseman after 3 months?

Answer 23

he was released from chancellor and became a foreign minsiter instead

Question 24

What did the 1924 Dawes plan state?

Answer 24

1. Germanys reparations would drop to £2.2bn with 59 more years to pay
2. The USA would loan Germany 800 million marks to help them financially recover

Question 25

What did the 1929 Young plan state?

Answer 25

1. reparations would be further decreased by 20%
2. the US would loan more money to Germany

Question 26

give a negative of the Dawes 1924 and Young 1929 plan

Answer 26

the US could withdraw loans at any time, leading to a lack of security

Question 27

give 3 pieces of evidence that the Weimar economy never truly recovered under Stresseman

Answer 27

1. unemployment in Germany reached 1.9 million by 1929
2. Germany relied heavily on US loans
3. agricultural production did not recover to its’ pre-war levels

Question 28

what did the 1925 Locarno Pact say?

Answer 28

Germany would treat its’ border disputes peacefully and accept their loss of teritory

Question 29

what happened in the League of nations 1926?

Answer 29

Germany was accepted into the treaty, imporving foreign relations- as a result of the Locarno pact being signed

Question 30

what did the Kellog-Briand pact 1928 state?

Answer 30

Germany as well as 61 countries would settle disputes peacefully, further bettering foreign relations

Question 31

give 3 ways the standard of living for Germans improved between 1924-29

Answer 31

1. Wages rose above inflation
2. pensions and sick schemes were introduced
3. unemployment insurance was introduced in 1927, covering 17 million workers

Question 32

how did womens position in society change in the years 1924-29?

Answer 32

1. women were introduced into the workforce in the mid 1920s
2. women increasingly took on white collar (professional) jobs
3. women however were still pressured into conjugal roles

Question 33

give 3 ways culture changed in the weimar government

Answer 33

1. the cinema industry boomed
2. art became more experimental due to less censorship