weight and balance Flashcards
what is meant by tare weight
weight of any chocks and other items that are used to hold the aircraft on scales
what is included in the empty weight of an aircraft
weight of engines, airframe, and all items of operating equipment that have fixed locations and are permanently installed in the aircraft. empty weight includes optional and special equipment, fixed ballast, full resistors of hydraulic fluid and engine lubricating oil and unusable fuel
what equipment must be installed in an aircraft when it is weighted to fins its empty weight center of gravity
all the equipment listed in the aircraft equipment list as ‘required equipment’ or as equipment that is permentaly installed
what is meant by a permanent ballast for an aircraft
weight that is permanently installed in an aircraft to bring the empty weight center of gravity into allowable limits
what is meant by the maximum zero fuel weight of an aircraft
the maximum permissible weight of a loaded aircraft (passengers, crew, cargo ) less its fuel
what is meant by undrinkable fuel
fuel that is left in the tank, lines and components when the aircraft is placed in level flight position and the fuel drained at the main fuel strainer. also called residual fuel
what id meant by the datum that is used for weight and balance computations
is a readily identified reference chosen by the aircraft manufacture from which all longitudinal locations on the aircraft are referenced
what is meant by moment in the computation of weight and balance
a force that tends to cause rotation. it is the product of the weight of an object in pounds and the distance of the objects from the datum in inches
what is meant by the arm of an item installed in an aircraft
distance. in inches, between the center of gravity of the item and datum
what is meant by a moment index
a moment divided by a constant such as 10, 100, or 1,000
what is meant by the center of gravity range
distance in inches between the forward allowable center of gravity and the rearward allowable center of gravity
what is a loading envelope
enclosed area on a graph of an airplane loaded weight and CG location. if lines drawn from the weight and CG cross within this envelope the airplane is properly loaded
what is meant by permanent ballast for an aicraft
weight that is permanently installed in an aircraft to bring the empty weight center of gravity into allowable limits
when should an aircraft be reweighed
after an extensive repair or alteration that could change its weight or center of gravity
why is it necessary to consider the category under which an aircraft is licensed when computing its weight and balanced
different categories under which an aircraft can be licensed have different maximum gross weight and different center of gravity ranges
where do you find the leveling means that are specified for a particular aircraft
in the type certificate data sheets for the aircraft
what must be done with tare weight when an aircraft is weighed
it must be subtracted form the scale readings to find the weight of the aircraft
why are the distances of all items installed in an aircraft measured from the datum when commutating weight and balance
this makes it possible to find the point about which the aircraft would balance (center of gravity)
where is the maximum allowable gross weight of an aircraft found
type certificate data sheets for aircraft
is there a federal regulation requiring that all private aircraft be reweighed periodically
no
what must be done to find the empty weight of an aircraft if it has been wigged with fuel in its tanks
weight of the fuel and its moment must be subtracted from the wight and moment of the aircraft as it was weighed
how would you find the empty weight and empty weight center of gravity of an airplane if there are no weight and balance records available
aircraft is weighed, and the empty weight center of gravity if computed. these values are recorded in new weight and balance records started for the aircraft
which has the more critical center gravity range, and airplane or helicopter
helicopter
where is the center of gravity for most airplane located in relation to the center of lift
CG is normally ahead of the center of lift
how do you find the moment of an item installed in an aircraft
multiply the weight if the item in pounds by its distance from the datum in inches
where do you find the moment of an item installed in an aircraft
typer certificate data sheets or aircraft equipment list
what is the significance of the empty weight center of gravity range of an aircraft
if empty weight center of gravity falls within the EWCG, the aircraft cannot be legally loaded in such a way that its loaded center of gravity will fall outside if the allowable loaded cg range. not all aircraft have an EWCG range
what are two reasons weight and balance control are important in an aircraft
for safety of flight and for most efficient operation of the aircraft
what is meant by minimum fuel as is used in the computation of aircraft weight and balance
no more fuel the the quantity necessary for one half hour of operation at rated maximum continuous power. it is the maximum amount of fuel used in weight and balance computations when low fuel may be adversely affect the most critical balance conditions
why is the empty weight center of gravity range not given in the type certificate data sheets for some aircrafts
empty weight center of gravity range is given only for aircraft that cannot be legally loaded in such a way that their loaded center of gravity will fall outside of the allowable limits
where must a record be kept of the current empty weight and the current center of gravity of an aircraft
in the aircraft flight manual or weight and balance records required by 14 car 23.1583
what must be done with temporary ballast when weighing an aircraft
must be removed from the aircraft
where can you find instructions for jacking the complete aircraft for weighing, or to preform a landing gear retraction test
aircraft maintenance manual
