Weight and balance Flashcards
It’s an aircraft is loaded so that the FCJ limit exceeded what undesirable flight characteristic is likely to result
Aircraft. Will be tail heavy, and may be unable to recover from the stall or spin.
The records for an aircraft are missing. How do you determine the empty weight and empty weight CG?
The aircraft would have to be weighed in a new weight and balance records would have to be prepared
Define tare weight and describe how it is handled when weighing an aircraft
Tare weight is the weight of anything on the scales that is not part of the aircraft. It must be subtracted from the scale weight reading to determine the net weight of the airplane.
If a piece of equipment such as a radio is added to an aircraft, how can you determine the effect of weight and balance, without re-weighing, the aircraft?
If the weight and balance records are up-to-date, a new weight and CG location can be termined by computation
Why is control of the weight and balance of an aircraft important
Safety and efficiency of flight
What is the datum of an aircraft and what is its function?
The datum is an imaginary vertical plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the airplane. It is the reference point from which all horizontal measurements are taken.
How do you determine the moment of an item of equipment?
The weight of the item is multiplied by its arm, which is the distance between the item and the datum
What are two ways of determining the arm of an item of equipment
Measure the distance between the item and the data them, or use data supplied by the manufacturer
What should be done to obtain a positive plus moment aft of the datum
Add weight
What should be done to obtain a negative minus moment aft of the datum
Remove weight
What should be done to obtain a positive plus moment forward of the datum
Remove weight
What should be done to obtain a negative minus moment forward of the datum
Add weight
How does the category of an aircraft effect its loaded weight?
Aircraft certificated in more than one category such as normal and aromatic may have two different maximum gross weights and different useful loads
As you prepare an aircraft for Wayne, you determine that there is equipment aboard that is not permanently installed and recorded on the equipment list. What should you do with this equipment?
All equipment not permanently installed in the aircraft or included on the equipment List should be removed from the aircraft.
Defined the term residual fuel
Any fuel that remains in tanks, lines and engines after the system has been drain
Defined the term residual oil
Any oil that remains in tanks, lines and engines after the system has been drained
We should be done with the fuel, when weighing an aircraft to determine weight and balance
Either drain the fuel system until only unusable fuel remains, or fill the tanks full and subtract the weight of the usable fuel
What items pertaining to weight and balance that would be listed in the TCDS type certificate data sheet
CG ranges, max weight, leveling means, number of seats and arms, baggage capacity an arm, fuel and arm, datum, location, engine, horsepower, oil, capacity, and arm, amount of residual, fuel and arm, amount of residual oil and arm
Where are leveling instructions found in describe one method of leveling an aircraft
Leveling instructions are found in the type certificate, data sheets and aircraft may be level by using a spirit level at specified points or an aircraft may be leveled by using a plumbob from a designated point, along with the leveling scale or protractor
Defined the term mean, aerodynamic cord or MAC
Me and aerodynamic cord is the cord drawn through the center of the wing plane area
Describe the two most common ways of showing the CG location, and or CG range
In inches from the datum or in percent of MAC
What is the purpose of an aircraft loading graph?
It is a method for determining how to distribute the load so as to keep the CG within allowable limits
What is ballast and why would you use it in an airplane?
Ballast is weight added to an airplane to bring its CG in allowable or desired range
How should permanent ballast be marked?
In red letters– Permanent ballast do not remove
Installation of several new radios in the nose of an aircraft causes the forward CG limit to be exceeded. How can you correct this problem without removing the new equipment?
Ballast may be installed in the tail to move the CGF
Explain the performance of a Ford adverse loaded CG check
During a forward adverse loaded CG check all useful load items in front of the forward CG limit are loaded and all useful load items behind the forward CG limit are left empty any seat or baggage compartment located behind the forward CG limit is left empty if the fuel is located behind the forward CG limit minimum fuel will be shown in the tank calculate CG to determine whether it falls within limits
Explain the performance of a rearward adverse loaded CG check
During an aft adverse loaded CG, check all useful load Items behind the aft CG limit are loaded and all useful load items in front of the aft CG limit are left empty
How does the CG range of a helicopter compare to that of a fixed wing airplane?
Helicopters typically have a much smaller CG range
Which has more critical center of gravity range an airplane or a helicopter
Helicopter
Before a helicopter is weighed, it must be leveled in what directions
Longitudinally and laterally
