Weeks 7-9 Flashcards
Age-types
- Biological=the condition of an individual’s organs and body systems
- Psychological age=an individual’s ability to adapt, solve problems and cope with life events
- Social age=habits, beliefs and attitudes
Middle adulthood-MSK system
-bone loss>bony formation
-osteoporosis
-arthritis
-decrease in lean body mass
-muscle force produce declines slightly
-decreased flexibility
Middle adulthood-health risks
-hypertension
-CVD
-diabetes mellitus
-cancer
Connectedness
-emotional support
-financial or housekeeping support
-informational support
-prevention and management of many diseases
-poor social connectedness>at risk of not engaging with preventative health services e.g. COVID-19 situations
Empathy
The ability to share someone’s feelings or experiences by imagining what it would be like to be n that person’s situation
Cultural safety
-healthcare provider’s knowledge, skills, attitudes and competencies when providing care to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
-recipients of care, their families and communities determine if care was culturally safe
Ageing-health
-2020=more people over 60 than children under 5
-2050=80% of older people will be living in low and middle income countries
-pace of population ageing is faster than the past
Ageism
How we think (stereotypes), feel (prejudice) and act (discrimination) towards others or ourselves based on age
Ageism-determinants
- Perpetuating
-increased risk=younger, male, anxious about death and being less educated
-reduced risk-=more intergenerational contact - Being a target
-increased risk=older, care dependent, lower LE, being female and working in certain professions e.g. high tech or hospo
Ageism-impacts
-shorter lifespan
-increased social isolation
-poorer physical and mental health
-increased risk of violence and abuse against older people
Ageism- strategies to reduce it
-policy and law
-educational interventions
-intergeneration contact interventions
Spirituality
-more individual
-sense of peace and purpose
-developing beliefs around meaning of life and connection with others
-dance of life model
Religion
-usually a set of organised beliefs and practices
-usually shared by a community or group
Royal commission aged care and safety
-prompted by reported cases of elder abuse e.g. restraining them, overdosing them etc
-focus on understanding how the aged care system currently works
-$104.3 million over four years
-upgrade aged care quality standards and record levels of funding support for senior Australians
Motivational interviewing
-used to explore ambivalence about a behaviour e.g. physical activity
-uses open-ended questions, affirmations, reflections and summarisations to help an older person self-analyse their behaviour
-client-centred counselling
-types of communicating=directing, following and guiding
Motivational interviewing-directing
-most common type seen in healthcare today
-practitioner tells patient what t do e.g. take meds
Motivational interviewing-following
-clinician suspends own agenda and listens to older person’s agenda
-patient-centred approach>understand their perspective
-taking too long or too little time to agree with patient=shows resistance
Motivational interviewing-guiding
-least utilised
-a guide does not choose the outcome but helps with the journey
-exploring options by clarifying goals
Techniques for discussing motivation
-using open-ended questions
-affirming what the patient says
-providing reflections to link ideas
-summarizing
Change talk
-develop discrepancy in the person’s mind
-consider change when they become uncomfortable with the status quo
Strategies for motivational interviewing
-using rulers=out of 10 for importance or confidence
-periodically summarising
-clinician acts as a guide by actively listening
-reasons for change have been explored=clinician may be able to inform the patient with their permission
OARS techniques
-open-ended questions
-affirmations
-reflections
-summarising
DARN (asking questions)
-desire
-ability
-reasons
-need
Changes during ageing-MSK
-sarcopenia
