Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HIST 110 Final Exam > Weeks 7-12 > Flashcards

Weeks 7-12 Flashcards

Medieval-Scientific Revolution

1
Q

Two Wills, Model of Saint Antony, His Conversion

A

Confessions, Augustine (397-401)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

City of God vs. City of Man; heaven vs. earth

A

The City of God, Augustine (413-426)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

guide to being a monk; pray, work, study; live in moderation and in community

A

The Rule of Saint Benedict, St. Benedict of Nursia (530 BCE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  • Contrast “noble simplicity” of Germanic tribes w decaying Rome, using Germans as moral critique of Rome
  • Ethnographic description of Germanic peoples, customs, lifestyles
A

The Early Germans, Tacitus (98 CE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Islam= “I surrender”
focus on God’s guidance; main theme of recognizing God’s power and divine word
Joseph is only story

A

The Holy Qu’ran, (632CE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Doubt as a path to stronger faith.
The limits of reason and philosophy.
Mysticism as a route to spiritual certainty.

A

Confessions of a Troubled Believer, Al-Ghazali (d.1111)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

social cohesion as the foundation of strong societies/political power - cyclical nature

A

Group Solidarity, Ibn Khaldun (1375)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

focus on poverty; leading humble lives as poor as christ; evangelization of the gospels to the poor; brotherly community

A

Rule of Saint Francis, St. Francis (1210)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

five proofs for the existence of god; scholastic method; human reason could study/prove God’s existence through his creations

A

Proofs for God’s Existence (from Summa Theologica), Thomas Aquinas (1274)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

theological work that presents contradictory statements from Church Fathers/Scripture – uses this method to provoke critical thinking/encourage intellectual debate on theological issues

A

Sic et Non, Peter Abelard (1126)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Guide aimed at intellectuals who are troubled by apparent contradictions between faith and reason – seeks to show that rational philosophy can coexist w religious belief

A

Guide for the Perplexed, Maimonides (1190)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

commitment to poverty, living like christ, emphasis on prayer/contemplation, humility/obedience/community living

commitment to living the Franciscan ideal of radical poverty, humility, and devotion to God. It emphasizes the centrality of prayer, contemplation, and community life - minus the evangelization aspect due to church misogyny

A

Testament of Claire of Assisi, St. Claire (1253)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tragedy of Abelard and Heloise
love affair, scandal baby, castrated, convent and monastery they go!

A

History of My Misfortunes, Peter Abelard (1132)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Debates the creation story – if Eve was made from Adam’s rib – comes to conclusion that yes, she was, but came out of Adam’s side as to show union/equality to man

woman can baptize - if nobody else is available

scholastically debates woman

A

“On Women” (from Summa Theologica), Thomas Aquinas (1274)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Conversation between Christine and “Lady Reason” – concerning ability/worth of female mind - challenges notion of female villainy; females are just as clever as males

A

The Book of the City of Ladies, Christine de Pizan (1405)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Virgin nun takes a straightforward and non-judgemental view of the workings of the female body – no reference to Christian notions or sinfulness of sexual activity - spoke to women about sexual intercourse

A

Medical Treatise & Heloise on Marriage, Hildegard of Bingen (1160)

17
Q

Depiction of the plague and its devastating effects in Florence; caused widespread death/fear; details how disease spread rapidly, killing everybody regardless of status - significantly impacted future of Europe

A

“On the Plague”, Boccaccio (1355)

18
Q

journey to top of Mount Ventoux in southern France; personal reflection on natural world, human ambition, self-awareness; climb represents a metaphorical ascent toward

A

On the Ascent of Mount Ventoux, Petrarch (1346)

19
Q

letter to Cicero ghost (one of greatest orators/philosophers of Rome on Petrarch’s humanist ideas); mix of admiration and frustration toward Cicero (in how Cicero’s choices/behaviours throughout his life seem contradictory to Petrarch’s own evolving views on virtue/philosophy)

A

Letter to shade of Cicero, Petrarch (1345)

20
Q

mocks narrow uni learning of the age (despised pretentions of university culture; learned by reading classical authors, brought them alive and conversed with them)

A

On His Own Ignorance, Petrarch (1368)

21
Q

Critical examination of the Donation of Constantine; undermines its authenticity and exposes it as a forgery – work played significant role in promoting historical skepticism and contributed to the development of modern textual criticism

A

On the Donation of Constantine, Lorenzo Valla (1440)

22
Q

Celebrates humanism - human freedom, dignity, and the unlimited potential for growth, knowledge, and divine-like transformation.

A

Oration on the Dignity of Man, Pico della Miranda (1486)

23
Q

fortune favours the brave, ends justify the means, best princes don’t always need to act morally

A

The Prince, Machiavelli (1513)

24
Q

commentary on Livy’s History of Rome; Analysis of republican governance and civic virtue, inspired by ancient Rome.

A

The Discourses, Machiavelli (1517)

25
Q

reports on first voyage to the New World; description of “primitive” Indigenous peoples; spreading Christianity and discovering wealth

A

Letter to Ferdinand and Isabella, Christopher Columbus (1493)

26
Q
  • advocates for native rights in America against cruel Spanish colonizers
  • infantilizes Indigenous people - says they need to be gently guided towards the faith rather than abused and massacred
A

On the Amerindians, Las Casas (1514)

27
Q
  • Ferdinand claims sovereignty of lands of Taino according to European laws/religion
  • Taino must swear over lands, convert to Christianity, pay taxes, or become enslaved to King of Spain!
  • Letter reflects early stages of Euro colonial attitudes, focusing on conversion/pacification, while also justifying imperial agenda (overlooking exploitation/violence)
A

Letter to the Taino/Arawak Indians, King Ferdinand (c. 1550)

28
Q

Indigenous born to serve Europeans; they always choose a master; christian duty to support them/not abuse them, but ultimately convert them; natural slavery

A

Concerning the Just Cause of the War Against the Indians, Juan Gines de Sepulveda (1547)

29
Q

describes imaginary society; critique of contemporary European society, and what it could ideally look like (free of wealth, greed, corruption)

A

Utopia, Thomas More (1547)

30
Q

satire on Catholic Church corruption; advocating for a return to simpler, more genuine forms of living and faith.

A

In Praise of Folly, Erasmus (1509)

31
Q

Only one thing is necessary for Christian life and freedom – the gospel of Christ (most Holy word of God, the soul needs it to survive, word of god is word of truth, light, peace, salvation, wisdom, etc.)

A

“On Christian Liberty”, Martin Luther (1520)

32
Q

God has already chosen who will be saved (the elect) and who will be damned (the reprobate); divine choice based on God’s will alone
church reform is necessary - stop worshiping relics/images, focus on the Word
shift in Reformation thought (bc of no free will on salvation)

A

“On Predestination and Church Reform”, Jean Calvin (1543-1560)

33
Q

Catholic Church response to Reformation
covers OG Sin, the 7 sacraments, bishop conduct, church hierarchy, selling of indulgences, relics/saints/images

A

Decrees of the Council of Trent, (1563)

34
Q
  • Guide to identifying, prosecuting, punishing alleged witches; aimed to support/enforce Church’s stance on witchcraft as heresy
A

The Hammer of Witches (Malleus Maleficarum), Heinrich Kramer (1486)

35
Q

association of midwifery and witchcraft; Midwives were often accused of witchcraft due to their role in childbirth

A

Judgment of the Witch of Walpurga Hausmannin, Fugger Newsletter (1587)

36
Q

witchcraft as a threat to society/politics - witches need to be aggressively targeted, or else they will uproot society and disrupt political stability through pacts w the devil

A

Witchcraft as a problem for political leaders, Jean Bodin (1580)

37
Q

discovery of sunspots shatters Aristotle’s visions of the perfect heavens; challenging Church authority on science; push for heliocentrism

A

“Letter on Sunspots”, Galileo (1613-1626)

38
Q

distinguishes truths of religion and science; seeks to reconcile scientific discoveries w religious belief, emphasizing Bible should not be interpreted literally when discussing nature; insists scripture was written to guide spiritual salvation, not teach science

A

On the Authority of the Bible, Galileo (1613-1626)

HIST 110 Final Exam (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions