Weeks 5-6 (Rate of reaction, crude oils) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the minimum amount of energy particles need to react known as?

A

Activation energy

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2
Q

What is the equation to calculate the surface area of a square?

A

Surface area = length x width

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3
Q

What is the equation to calculate the surface area of a cube?

A

Surface area = (length x width) x 6

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4
Q

What is the equation to calculate the volume of a cube?

A

Volume = length x width x depth

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5
Q

How does a catalyst increase rate of reaction?

A

By lowering the activation energy

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6
Q

A catalyst speeds up the rate of ________ collisions.

A

A catalyst speeds up the rate of SUCCESSFUL collisions.

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7
Q

Where does crude oil come from?

A

Dead plankton in the Earth’s crust

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8
Q

Name some uses for crude oil.

A
  • Fuels (petrol, diesel)
  • Solvents
  • Lubricants
  • Detergents
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9
Q

What are hydrocarbons made of?

A

Hydrogens and carbons ONLY

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10
Q

Name the four smallest alkanes.

A
  • Methane
  • Ethane
  • Propane
  • Butane
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11
Q

What is the formula for methane?

A

CH4

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12
Q

What is fractional distillation used for?

A

To separate crude oil out into hydrocarbons of similar lengths

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13
Q

In fractional distillation, different hydrocarbons condense at different points due to different __________ points.

A

In fractional distillation, different hydrocarbons condense at different points due to different BOILING points.

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14
Q

Fractions in fractional distillation contain hydrocarbons with similar numbers of …

A

Carbons

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15
Q

What is the general formula for an alkane?

A

C(n)H(2n+2)

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16
Q

What are three properties of small hydrocarbons?

A
  • Flammable
  • Low boiling points
  • Volatile (easily evaporated)
17
Q

Why do small hydrocarbons have lower boiling points?

A

Because there are less bonds to break between the molecules

18
Q

What is the word equation for the combustion of a hydrocarbon?

A

Hydrocarbon + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water

19
Q

What is combustion?

A

When a fuel burns in oxygen