Weeks 1-2 (Reactivity series, acids/alkalis, electrolysis)

Question 1

What are the top three reactive metals in the reactivity series?

Answer 1

Potassium, sodium and lithium

Question 2

What is the name of the salt made when magnesium reacts with sulphuric acid?

Answer 2

Magnesium sulphate

Question 3

What is the most reactive metal in the reactivity series?

Answer 3

Potassium

Question 4

What is the least reactive metal in the reactivity series?

Answer 4

Platinum

Question 5

What is an ore?

Answer 5

A rock that contains useful metals

Question 6

Why do more reactive metals exist as oxides in nature?

Answer 6

Because they react with oxygen in the air

Question 7

Where does carbon sit in the reactivity series of metals?

Answer 7

Between magnesium and zinc

Question 8

What extraction method is used for potassium, sodium and magnesium?
Why?

Answer 8

Electrolysis

Because they are more reactive than carbon

Question 9

Why does calcium displace zinc from zinc oxide?

Answer 9

Because calcium is more reactive than zinc

Question 10

If a more reactive metal is placed with a metal salt, it will _________ the less reactive metal.

Answer 10

If a more reactive metal is placed with a metal salt, it will DISPLACE the less reactive metal.

Question 11

Oxidation is the _______ of electrons.

Answer 11

Oxidation is the LOSS of electrons.

Question 12

Acids have a pH that is _______ than 7.

Answer 12

Acids have a pH that is LESS than 7.

Question 13

Alkalis produce _______ ions in aqueous solutions.

Answer 13

Hydroxyl (OH-)

Question 14

What does soluble mean?

Answer 14

That a substance is able to dissolve in a given amount of liquid.

Question 15

What is filtration used for?

Answer 15

To separate a solid that has not dissolved in a liquid

Question 16

What is the formula for magnesium sulphate?

Answer 16

MgSO4

Question 17

Salts that are insoluble have stronger ________.

Answer 17

Salts that are insoluble have stronger BONDS.

Question 18

What four things can react with an acid to make a soluble salt?

Answer 18

• Metals
• Metal oxides
• Hydroxides
• Carbonates

Question 19

What is a neutralisation reaction?

Answer 19

When H+ ions from acids and OH- ions from alkalis react together to produce water. The pH becomes more neutral.

Question 20

What is the most accurate piece of equipment that can be used to measure pH?

Answer 20

A pH probe

Question 21

What is the pH range of a strong acid?

Answer 21

0-2

Question 22

What defines a strong acid?

Answer 22

Strong acids completely ionise (into H+ ions) in aqueous solutions

Question 23

What defines a weak acid?

Answer 23

Weak acids are partially ionised (into H+ ions) in aqueous solutions

Question 24

Name three strong acids.

Answer 24

• Hydrochloric acid
• Nitric acid
• Sulphuric acid

Question 25

Name three weak acids.

Answer 25

• Citric acid
• Ethanoic acid
• Carbonic acid

Question 26

What does dilute mean?

Answer 26

In low concentrations

Question 27

What is an ion?

Answer 27

An atom with a charge

Question 28

What is electrolysis?

Answer 28

A process where electrical current is passed through a liquid, breaking ionic compounds into their ions.

Question 29

What are:

a) Cations?
b) Anions?

Answer 29

a) Cations = positive ions in electrolysis

b) Anions = negative ions in electrolysis

Question 30

Name the two electrodes in electrolysis.

Answer 30

Cathodes, anodes

Question 31

What are:

a) The positive electrodes in electrolysis?
b) The negative electrodes in electrolysis?

Answer 31

a) Anodes = positive electrodes

b) Cathodes = negative electrodes

Question 32

Why is copper used for electrodes?

Answer 32

Because it has a high melting point