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NURS 202 > Weeks 1 - 6 > Flashcards

Weeks 1 - 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Type of question not to ask

A

“why” questions

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2
Q

Physical Exam Sequence (4)

A

1) Inspection

2) Palpation

3) Percussion

4) Auscultation

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3
Q

Components of General Survey (4)

A

1) Physical appearance

2) Body structure

3) Mobility

4) Behaviour

“peanut butter makes breakfast”

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4
Q

Normal Temperature Range - General Population

A

35.8 - 37.3

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5
Q

Normal Temperature Range - Older Adults

A

35.8 - 36.2

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6
Q

Normal Pulse Range

A

50 - 95 bpm

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7
Q

Characteristics of Pulse (4)

A

1) Rate

2) Rhythm

3) Force - grade (0 to 3)

4) Equality - symmetrical?

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8
Q

Normal Respiratory Range

A

10 - 20

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9
Q

Characteristics of Respiration (3)

A

1) Rate

2) Rhythm - regular or irregular

3) Depth - shallow or deep

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10
Q

Normal Oxygen Saturation

A

97 - 99

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11
Q

Normal Oxygen Saturation in COPD

A

88 - 92

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12
Q

Normal BP

A

120/80

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13
Q

What the bell of the stethoscope is used for?

A

low pitched sounds

e.g. heart murmur, turbulent blood flow

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14
Q

What the diaphragm of the stethoscope is used for?

A

high pitched sounds

e.g. breath sounds, heart sounds

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15
Q

Orthostatic (postural) hypotension

A

drop in SYSTOLIC mercury more than 20 mmHg between positions

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16
Q

Landmark for apex of heart

A

5th intercostal space

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17
Q

Landmark for base of heart

A

2nd intercostal space

18
Q

Where is the S1 sound the loudest?

A

apex

19
Q

Where is the S2 sound the loudest?

A

base

20
Q

What happens in diastole?

A

ventricles relax and fill with blood

AV valves are open

high pressure in atria as blood pours into ventricles

atria contract, pushing last bit of blood into ventricles

21
Q

What marks the start of systole?

A

AV valves shutting = S1

22
Q

What marks the end of systole?

A

semilunar valves shutting = S2

23
Q

abnormal heart sounds

A

S3 and S4

24
Q

Orthopnea

A

SOB lying down

relieved by sitting up

25
Q

Normal Cardio Changes With Aging (3)

A

1) mild increase in systolic BP

2) NO Change in diastolic BP and resting HR

3) decreased ability to compensate for exercise

26
Q

Cardiovascular Exam Sequence

A

1) Inspection

2) Palpation

NO PERCUSSION

3) Auscultation

27
Q

What is matched correctly?
a) artery, valve
b) vein, pump
c) artery, pump

A

c) artery, pump

(and vein, valve)

28
Q

What is the best indicator of DVT?
a) Positive Homan’s sign
b) venous ultrasonography

A

b) venous ultrasonography

Homan’s sign is outdated

29
Q

How breathing should be (4)

A

1) regular

2) relaxed

3) silent

4) automatic

30
Q

AVPU Scale for LOC

A

A - alert?

V - voice - responding to voice?

P - pain - squeeze of traps

U - unresponsive

31
Q

Reasons for decreased tactile fremitus

A

excess air

e.g. pneumothorax, emphysema

32
Q

Reason for increased tactile fremitus

A

consolidation

e.g. exudate, blood, pneumonia

33
Q

Cheyne-Stokes Respirations

A

wax and wane in a REGULAR pattern, increasing in rate and depth then decreasing with periods of apnea

severe heart failure

34
Q

Which populations are Cheyne-Stoke respirations normal in? (2)

A

1) infants

2) older adults

35
Q

Biot’s Respiration

A

irregular breathing pattern

e.g. head trauma

36
Q

Crackles

A

brief, popping sounds

discontinuous

during inspiration

often at lung bases

e.g. pneumonia, heart failure

37
Q

Wheezes

A

narrowed airways

continuous

during expiration

upper airways

e.g. asthma, COPD, bronchitis

38
Q

Stridor

A

high-pitched, harsh sounds

inspiration

trachea

obstruction of narrowing upper airway

e.g. croup, upper airway obstruction

39
Q

Good, palpable landmark on the abdomen

A

aorta

40
Q

Order of GI assessment

A

1) Inspection

2) Auscultation

3) Percussion

4) Palpation

NURS 202 (6 decks)

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