Weeks 1-3

Question 1

8 rights for Drug Administration

Answer 1

person, medication, dose, time, route, reason, to refuse, documentation

Question 2

Equation for calculating how much to give

Answer 2

(prescription dose ÷ stock dose) x stock available

[(what you want ÷ what you got) x stock available]

Question 3

Hansen Solubility

Answer 3

only molecules with similar polarity will mix (polar and non polar don’t mix)

Question 4

Bernoulli Effect

Answer 4

as speed of a liquid increases, pressure decreases

Question 5

Brownian Motion

Answer 5

matter made of particles that are in constant random motion

Question 6

Boyle’s Law

Answer 6

(at a constant temp, with same amount of gas in a closed system) volume is inversely proportional to pressure

Question 7

Dalton’s Law

Answer 7

the total gas pressure is equal to the sum of the individual gas pressures

Question 8

Henry’s Law

Answer 8

mass of gas that will dissolve in a solution is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas and to its solubility coefficient

Question 9

Venturi Barrel

Answer 9

principle of entrainment / Bernoulli Effect

Question 10

Aromatic

Answer 10

contains benzene ring

Question 11

Aliphatic

Answer 11

generally open chain (can be cyclic)

Question 12

Alkane

Answer 12

single bond

Question 13

Alkene

Answer 13

double bond

Question 14

Alkynes

Answer 14

triple bond, found crude oil, natural gas, skin glands of poison dart frogs, some drugs

Question 15

Alcohols

Answer 15

hydroxyl (OH)

Question 16

3 types of alcohols

Answer 16

isopropyl (cleaning agent), methyl (flavour in gums, mints, mouthwash), ethyl alcohol (beverages, rubbing, hand sanitizer)

Question 17

Glycerol / Glycerine / Glycerin

Answer 17

more than one OH group, laxative, reduce pressure / fluid

Question 18

Aldehydes

Answer 18

R-C=O
I
H
tanning, preserving, perfumes, cosmetics, dyes, embalming, germicide, fungicide, insecticide

Question 19

Ketones

Answer 19

R-C=O
I
R
result of breakdown of fatty acids, nail varnish remover

Question 20

Carboxylic Acid

Answer 20

R-C=O
I
OH
formation of fat, vitamin C, aspirin / ibuprofen, malic acid (apples)

Question 21

Amines

Answer 21

R-NH2

adrenaline, histamine, serotonin, dopamine

Question 22

Iron Deficiency

Answer 22

anaemia, fatigue, impaired temp reg / memory / learning, changes to behaviour, less resistance to infection, greater risk of Pb poisoning

Question 23

Zinc Deficiency

Answer 23

growth retardation, delayed puberty, poor apetite, diarrhoea, intestinal inflammation, hypogonadism, alopecia (hair loss) skin lesions, glossitis, nail malformation, immune dysfunction, behaviour disturbance, delayed wound healing, night blindness

Question 24

Selenium Deficiency

Answer 24

linked with Prostrate cancer, lower survival rate for HIV, neurological disorders, increased viral infections / male infertility, depression / anxiety

Question 25

Iodine Deficiency

Answer 25

decreased production of T3 and T4 (hormones) which enlarges thyroid gland (goiter), increased susceptibility of thyroid gland to nuclear radiation, impaired mental function

Question 26

Excess Fluoride

Answer 26

dental fluorosis (staining / pitting of teeth), skeletal fluorosis (accumulation of F in bones), non skeletal fluorosis (eg renal, gonadal, endothelium, neurological -> pain in stomach, loss of appetite, polyuria / polydipsia, muscle weakness, constipation followed by diarrhoea