Weeks 1, 2 and 3 Flashcards
The term that describes the idea that human behaviour is determined by genetics and biology is:
a. prefrontal lobotomy
b. nurture
c. nature
d. DNA
c. nature
The theory that behaviour is driven by unconscious processes is known as:
a. psychoanalytic
b. behavioural
c. cognitive
d. eclectic
a. psychoanalytic
The idea that constitutional predisposition combined with environmental stress will lead to mental illness is known as:
a. positive growth
b. the diathesis-stress model
c. unacceptable theorising
d. schizophrenia
b. the diathesis-stress model
Internalising the moral standards of society is Freud’s idea of:
a. the id
b. latent throught processes
c. cognitive behavioural functioning
d. superego
d. superego
Avoiding talking to or seeing someone because you like them is an example of which of Freud’s defence mechanisms?
a. Reaction formation
b. Projection
c. Denial
d. Repression
a. Reaction formation
Freud’s ideas of the unconscious influences on behaviour have been criticised because:
a. it is difficult to test
b. it does not give an accurate to support it
c. it does not give an accurate account of women
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Changing what you do because of the consequences of your behaviour is known as:
a. classical conditioning
b. operant conditioning
c. modelling
d. vicarious learning
b. operant conditionining
Aaron Beck claimed that depression occurs because of:
a. biological malfunctions
b. post-traumatic stress disorder
c. cognitive distortions such as selectively believing negative information about yourself
d. modelling by peers
c. cognitive distortions such as selectively believing negative information about yourself.
One criticism of cognitive psychology by social psychology is that:
a. thoughts can cause feelings
b. feelings can cause thoughts
c. thoughts and feelings are caused by behaviour
d. behaviour causes thoughts and feelings
b. feelings can cause thoughts
‘The convergence of interests between humanistic and positive (a cognitive model) psychology’ is called what kind of approach in psychology?
a. cognitive behavioural
b. sociological
c. pop psychology
d. eclectic
d. eclectic
Sociological theories tend to focus on:
a. social forces in society
b. demographic factors
c. group behaviour
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Thomas Szasz believed that:
a. the social bonds of attachment are overly strong and people do not have a sense of self
b. psychiatrists exercise coercive domination over others and make the problems contributing to mental illness worse, not better
c. all behaviour is determined by the environment
d. behaviour is caused by unconscious motivations
b. psychiatrists exercise coercive domination over others and make the problems contributing to mental illness worse, not better.
One critique of sociological theories is that they:
a. are overly correlational
b. focus too much on causes
c. are individualistic
d. are too difficult to understand
a. are overly correlational
The clearest example of a nature theory is:
a. self-actualisation
b. behaviourism
c. Durkheim’s anomie
d. biomedical model
d. biomedical model
In twin studies, heredity accounts for less than 50% in predicting schizophrenia. This shows that:
a. it is important to study the neurobiology of schizophrenics
b. both nature and nurture need to be accounted for to understand schizophrenia
c. Gottesman was correct to rear siblings together
d. you cannot escape your destiny
b. both nature and nurture need to be accounted for to understand schizophrenia
The . . . . . . model emphasises the presence or absence of disease, pathogens or symptoms.
a. social
b. psychological
c. biomedical
d. biopsychosocial
c. biomedical
In 1950, . . . . . . . . . made it possible for people diagnosed with schizophrenia to live in the community rather than being institutionalised.
a. psychiatric counselling
b. antipsychotic medication, chlorpromazine
c. witchcraft
d. cognitive behavioural therapy
b. antipsychotic medication, chlorpromazine
The World Health Organisation defines health as a state of complete:
a. absence of disease and infirmity
b. physical and emotional stability
c. historical, cultural and political understanding
d. physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
d. physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
To generate living and working conditions that are safe, stimulating, satisfying and enjoyable is the action relating to which of the Ottawa Charter strategies?
a. Create supportive environments
b. Build healthy public policy.
c. Develop personal skills
d. Reorient health services.
a. Create supportive environments
Mortality figures have improved for some health conditions over the past 25 years in Australia. Name two health conditions for which mortality has gotten worse.
a. Colon and breast cancer
b. Stroke and breast cancer
c. Diabetes mellitus and suicide
d. Diabetes mellitus and colon cancer
c. Diabetes mellitus and suicide
Health psychology has been criticised for:
a. blaming individuals for their poor health behaviours
b. ignoring the social determinants of health
c. psychologising health too much
d. both a and b
d. both a and b
Sleeping between seven and eight a day, eating breakfast, rarely eating between meals, being roughly the appropriate weight, not smoking, drinking alcohol in moderation or not at all and engaging in physical activity have been found to:
a. substantially reduce a person’s overall quality of life
b. significantly reduce an individual’s risk of dying at any age
c. increase a person’s perception of colour
d. increase an individual’s risk of coronary heart disease.
b. significantly reduce an individual’s risk of dying at any age
Type D personality has been described as:
a. distressed personality
b. resilience
c. delightful personality
d. relaxed and quiet
a. distressed personality
An individual’s belief as to whether outcomes or events in their life are brought about by themselves (internally) or through others (externally) is called:
a. personality
b. resilience
c. self-efficacy
d. locus of control
d. locus of control
