weeks 1-2 Flashcards
What is mental illness?
Refers to diagnosable mental health conditions that significantly impact a person’s thinking, mood, behavior, or overall ability to function.
What does mental health refer to?
A person’s overall emotional, psychological, and social well-being.
What are the types of bias in mental health?
- Cultural and Racial Bias
- Gender Bias
- Socioeconomic Bias
- LGBTQ+ Bias
- Weight Bias
- Research and Diagnostic Bias
- Stigma and Stereotypes
What is the Clinical Judgment Action Model (CJAM)?
A model consisting of six steps: recognize, analyze cues, prioritize hypotheses, generate solutions, take actions, and evaluate outcomes.
What should be evaluated in the physiologic status of a client?
- Client’s ability to participate in the assessment
- Co-occurring conditions
- Client history
What is the FICA spirituality tool used for?
Guiding the nurse in collecting data related to the client’s spiritual beliefs.
What are the components of a Mental Status Examination (MSE)?
- Level of Consciousness
- Physical Appearance
- Cognition/Orientation
- Speech
- Thought Process
- Behavior
- Mood and Affect
What is cultural competence in healthcare?
The ability of healthcare providers to deliver care that respects and acknowledges the diverse values, beliefs, and practices of patients.
What is the purpose of the DSM-5?
Used to diagnose mental health disorders and provides standard criteria and expected assessment findings.
Define transference in a nurse-client relationship.
The client displaces feelings onto the nurse.
Define countertransference in a nurse-client relationship.
The nurse displaces feelings onto the client.
Maslow’s hierarchy concerning mental illness
- Physiological Needs
- Safety Needs
- Love and Belonging
- Esteem Needs
- Self-Actualization
Applications of Maslow’s hierarchy concerning mental illness in care
- Prioritize basic needs in treatment.
- Foster social connections and self-esteem through therapy.
- Support long-term goals for self-actualization when stability is achieved
What are the stages of the nurse-client relationship?
- Phase 1: Orientation (Establish the relationship, set the tone for interactions, identify boundaries)
- Phase 2: Identification (The client presents an unmet need, the nurse assists the client in identifying barriers to wellness)
- Phase 3: Exploitation (Working Phase, Nurse and client collaborate to achieve set goals)
- Phase 4: Resolution (Original goals are achieved and the relationship concludes, new goals are established, continuity of care plan is developed)
What are the ethical principles in nursing?
- Autonomy - self rule
- Nonmaleficence - do no harm
- Beneficence - duty to do good
- Fidelity - keep promises and commitments
- Veracity - tell the truth
- Justice - equal treatment
What are the three types of prevention in mental health?
- Primary Prevention
- Secondary Prevention
- Tertiary Prevention
Primary prevention
- Focus: Reduce risk factors before clinical manifestation.
- Example: Teaching stress reduction techniques in a community program.
Secondary Prevention
- Focus: Early detection and treatment of mental illness.
- Example: Screening older adults for depression.
Tertiary prevention
- Focus: Reduce the disabling effects of mental illness and promote quality of life.
- Example: Leading support groups for clients post-substance use treatment.
What are the rights of patients in mental health care?
- Right to information and consent
- Right to privacy/confidentiality
- Right to access to care and non-discrimination
- Right to participate in care decisions
- Right to safety and protection from harm
What is the difference between informed consent and implied consent?
- Informed Consent: Clear information on treatments, risks, benefits, and alternatives
- Implied Consent: Assumed in emergencies when the client is unable to provide consent
What are therapeutic communication techniques?
- Ensure congruence between verbal and nonverbal communication
- Use open-ended questions
- Provide affirmations
- Reflect client messages
- Summarize discussed concepts
What is milieu therapy?
Modifying and controlling the environment to support healing and help clients develop life and social skills.
Excelling - mental health continuum
The peak of well-being
- Cheerful, energetic
- High-performance flow
- Fully realizing potential
Thriving - mental health continuum
satisfactory level of mental well-being and can function without difficulty on a daily basis
- Positive, calm, performing
- Sleeping well, eating healthily
- Satisfying Social Activities
Surviving - mental health continuum
an unsettled state of mind and indicates that problems may worsen
- Nervous, irritable, sad
- Trouble sleeping
- Distracted, withdrawn
Struggling - mental health continuum
signifies trouble in mental health
- anxiety and depression
- poor concentration, low energy
- struggles with work
Crisis - mental health continuum
indicates when a person is in a state of emergency with their mental health, and require immediate health
- suicidal ideation
- severe anxiety and depression to the point where social isolation and lack of self-care are present
What is the role of primary care providers in mental health?
Initial point of contact for mental health concerns.
What is Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)?
A service that provides the support of an inpatient psychiatric treatment facility while the client is in their own home.
What is the purpose of de-escalation techniques?
To use clear, calm verbal communication and non-threatening body language to reduce client anxiety.
What does Home-Based Services include for high-need clients?
Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)
ACT involves a mental health care professional providing services in the client’s home.
What is the role of a mental health care professional in Home-Based Services?
Assist clients in taking medications and monitor mental health status
This service is typically provided by a nurse or social worker.
What does Assertive Community Treatment provide?
Services of an inpatient psychiatric treatment facility while the client is at home
It includes medical staff trained in psychiatric care needs.
Define Telehealth in the context of mental health care.
Remote mental health care via digital platforms
Utilizes virtual technology like computers or smartphones.
What are Mobile Mental Health Crisis Teams designed for?
Immediate intervention for acute crises
They consist of specially trained mental health professionals providing emergency care onsite.
What do Day Treatment Programs offer?
Structured daytime programs for therapy and skills training
They provide mental health care and nonclinical support like job training.
What is the purpose of Family and Peer Services?
Support and education for clients and families
They equip families with tools to care for clients and pair clients with peers for support.
What is Systematic Desensitization?
Gradual exposure to anxiety-provoking stimuli
It is a behavioral therapy technique used to reduce anxiety.
What does Behavioral Therapy focus on?
Learning behaviors and their consequences
It treats unwanted behavior through relaxation techniques and modeling.
What is the goal of modifying maladaptive behaviors?
To use adaptive strategies
This involves employing various techniques to change unwanted behaviors.
What is Modeling in the context of behavioral therapy?
Therapist demonstrates desired behaviors
This technique helps clients learn through observation.
What does Operant Conditioning involve?
Rewards for positive behaviors
It is a technique used in behavioral therapy to reinforce desirable actions.
What is Aversion Therapy?
Pairing maladaptive behaviors with unpleasant stimuli
This technique aims to discourage unwanted behaviors.
Explain Flooding in behavioral therapy.
Intense exposure to anxiety triggers
This method aims to help clients confront their fears directly.
What is Response Prevention?
Blocking compulsive behaviors to reduce anxiety
This technique is often used for clients with obsessive-compulsive behaviors.
What does Thought Stopping involve?
Interrupting negative thoughts with positive ones
This technique helps manage intrusive thoughts.
What is Trauma-Focused CBT?
Reframing trauma in a healthier way
It is a therapeutic approach specifically designed to address trauma.
What is the purpose of Validation Therapy?
Acknowledge clients’ perceptions, especially in dementia care
This approach helps validate the feelings and experiences of clients.
