Week3

Question 1

Insensitivity to prior probabilities

Answer 1

Linda- Kahneman

Question 2

Normative and descriptive theories

Answer 2

Normative-> how should they behave”optimal “choices
says “maximize the expected value.”
Descriptive -> what they actually do

Question 3

Expected Value

Answer 3

E = value × probability

Question 4

Concepts are multimodal.

Answer 4

-semantic
- visual
- auditory
- tactile

Question 5

A prototype

Answer 5

is an average, idealized, representation of a category.
based on commonly encountered instances of a category.
TYPICALITY.
sentence verification task.

Question 6

Categorization by exemplars

Answer 6

Encountered instances of a category are stored as exemplars.
* We have encountered many more instances of non-banana-like cars than banana-
like cars, this can account for the typicality effect.
* This approach can usually account best for small categories.

Question 7

Connectionism-Distributed networks
Early PDP work: McClelland

Answer 7

Computation is massively parallel.
content-addressable.
Memory is not stored in neurons, but in the connections between them.
enables generalization ‘visual demonstration
Lesion tolerant ( damaged netwrks can still work

Question 8

chronology of Iq tests

Answer 8

Binet–Simon Intelligence Scale (France)
Stanford–Binet (US, Stanford)
Wechsler

Question 9

Spearman (1927):

Answer 9

General intelligence g

Question 10

Cattell (1943)

Answer 10

fluid- crystallized intelligence