Week2

Question 1

Which enzyme is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney when circulating blood volume is reduced?

Answer 1

renin

Question 2

At the arterial end of capillaries, fluid moves from the intravascular space into the interstitial space because the

Answer 2

capillary hydrostatic pressure is higher thatn the capillary oncotic pressure

Question 3

What is the major determinant of the resting membrane potential necessary for tramission of nerve impulses?

Answer 3

the ratio between intracellular K+ and extracellular potassium

Question 4

When thirst is experienced, how are osmoreceptors activated?

Answer 4

by an increase in the osmotic pressure of the plasma

Question 5

Physiologic PH is maintained around 7.4 because bicarbonate (HCO3) and carbonic acid (H2CO3) exist in a ration of

Answer 5

20:01

Question 6

How does the loss of chloride during vomiting cause metabolic alkalosis?

Answer 6

loss of chloride causes retention of bicarbonate to maintain the anion balance

Question 7

Which are indications of dehydration?

Answer 7

tachycardia and weight loss

Question 8

Dyspnea is not a result of

Answer 8

decreased blood flow to the medulla oblongata

Question 9

The most successful treatment for chronic asthma begins with

Answer 9

elimination of the causative agent

Question 10

High altitudes may produce hypoxemia through

Answer 10

decreased inspired oxygen

Question 11

Which inflammatory mediators are produced in asthma

Answer 11

histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes

Question 12

_____ is a fulmainant form of respiratory failure characterized by acute lung inflammation and diffuse alveolocapillary injury

Answer 12

acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Question 13

A (n) ___ is a circumsribed area of suppuration and destruction of lung parenchyme

Answer 13

abscess

Question 14

Clinical manifestations that include unexplained weight loss, dyspnea on exertion , use of accessory muscles, and tachypnea with prolonged expiration are indicative of

Answer 14

emphysema

Question 15

Which of the following is a true statement?

Answer 15

Hyperventilation causes hypocapnia

Question 16

Pulmonary edema usually begins at the pumonary capillary wedge pressure or left atrial pressure of ___ mm Hg

Answer 16

20

Question 17

Kussmaul respirations may be characterized as respiratory pattern

Answer 17

with a slightly increased ventilatory reate, large tidal volumes and no expiratory pause

Question 18

Clinical manifestatins of pulmonary hypertension include

Answer 18

peripheral edema and jugular venous distention

Question 19

An accurate description of childhood asthma is that it is a (n)

Answer 19

obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, and inflammation

Question 20

Which immunoglobulin is present in childhood asthma

Answer 20

IgE

Question 21

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by a (n)

Answer 21

autosomal recessive inheritance

Question 22

The release of fibroblast growth factors affects ARDS by causing

Answer 22

pulmonary fibrosis

Question 23

Which of the following statements about the advances in the treatment of RDS of the newborn is incorrect

Answer 23

administering oxygen to mothers during preterm labor increases their arterial oxygen before birth of the fetus

Question 24

Which of the following types of croup is most comon

Answer 24

viral

Question 25

Chest wall compliance in infants is ___ in adults

Answer 25

higher than