Week three - group proccess Flashcards
What is social facilitation
The proccess by which the presence of others enhances performance on easy tasks, but impairs performance on difficult tasks
What was the first tested theory of social facilitation
cockcroach study done by Zajonc and colleagues (1969)
What is social loafing
The tendency for people to relax in the presence of others when their individual performance cannot be evaluated
What is the tendency for social loafing influenced by
size of group, perceived anonymity, negative consequences to group and value of individual effort
What is deindividuation
The loss of a persons sense of individuality and the loosening of constraints on behaviours when people can be identified
What did Le Bon and Tarde propose
Le bon and Tarde where first to propose that in groups, individual minds gives way less to reflective “group” mind
why may deindividuation lead to anti social acts…
- illusions of anonymity
- people feel less accountable for their actions
- it shifts attentional cues from self to the situation decreasing inhibitions
What are two problems in group dynamics
- Group think
- Group polarization
What is groupthink
a group decision making style characterised by excessive pressure among group members for consensus leading to inadequate appraisal of options and poor decisions
What is group polarisation
The tendancy for group discussions to exaggerate and strengthen the initial leanings of the members in a group
What are the causes of group polarisation
- Persuasive argument
- Social comparison
What is interpersonal attraction
The study of attraction or liking between two or more people
What are the factors that determine attraction
Proximity, similarity and physical attractiveness
What is proximity
a determinant of whether people become friends or lovers
What is mere exposure
The phenomenon where the more often people are exposed to a stimulus, the more positively they evaluate that stimulus
