Week ten study questions in unit guide Flashcards
Define the term cure?
- A drug or treatment (medical) used to restore the health of a patient.
Define Remission?
Remission is a temporary release end to medical signs and symptoms of an incurable disease.
Define relapse?
Relapse of reinstatement of drug seeking behaviour is a form of spontaneous recovery that involves the recurrence of pathological drug use after a period of absence.
What is active immunity?
Developed when the person’s own cells produce antibodies in response to infections and viruses.
What is passive immunity?
Developed when antibodies are produced in other organisms, injected into a person to counteract the anigen= Snake venom.
What is the mechanism of action of penicillins?
Penicillins bind to specific proteins that are essential to binding with the bacteria cell wall. They inhibit cell growth that eventually kills the bacteria.
Why are antiretroviral drugs often given in combination with the treatment of HIV?
They are used to slow down the rate in which HIV copies itself or multiples, a combination of 2 or more is more effective than just 1 medication.
Discuss three distinct mechanisms by which bacteria can develop drug resistance?
1 ) The inactivation or modification of the antibiotic
2) The modification of the metabolic pathways to circumvent the antibiotic effects
3) The alteration in the target site of the antibiotic that reduces its binding capacities.
Gram Positive is what?
- Any spherical shaped bacteria that has a rich cell wall that strains dark purple with the gram staining technique.
What is Gram negative?
A number of other bacteria that are bounded by a single membrane, but stain gram negative because they lack the layer or unable to retain the gram stain because of their cell wall composition.
What is acquired resistance?
- Particular microorganisms obtain the ability to resist the activity of a particular antimicrobial agent to which it was previously susceptible to
