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BIOETHICS > WEEK I > Flashcards

WEEK I Flashcards

1
Q

a branch of philosophy that seeks to determine how human actions may be judged right or wrong.

A

Ethics

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2
Q

Ethics comes from the greek word

A

Ēthika

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3
Q

refers to human conduct and values

A

Morality

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4
Q

may be perceived as prescriptions or rules to guide our actions and behavior

A

Morals

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5
Q

may be perceived as a set of analytical tools or a process that helps to identify right conduct and determine appropriate behavior

A

Ethics

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6
Q

a branch of knowledge that deals with living organisms and vital processes.

A

Biology

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7
Q

a discipline dealing with the
ethical implications of biological
research and applications especially in medicine

A

Bioethics

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8
Q

the field of applied ethics that is concerned with the vast array of moral decision-making situations that arise in the practice of medicine in addition to the procedures and the policies that are designed to guide such practice.

A

Healthcare Ethics

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9
Q

Moral science that deals with the obligation of a professional towards his profession, the public, and to his client.

A

Professional Ethics

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10
Q

Refers to the moral, social & political problems that arise from biology & the life sciences generally that involve, directly or indirectly, human wellbeing

A

Bioethics

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11
Q

“Bioethics” emerged between

A

1960s to 1970s

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12
Q

The word “Bioethics was coined by

A

Oncologist Van Potter

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13
Q

Enduring beliefs or attitudes about the worth of a person, object, idea or action.

A

Values

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14
Q

It influence decisions & actions

A

Values

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15
Q

Values are learned through observation & experience

A

Value Transmission

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16
Q

Internalization of accumulative values
derived from society and environment

A

Personal Value

17
Q

Values acquired during socialization
into nursing, from code of ethics,
nursing experiences, teachers and
peers

A

Professional Values

18
Q

A process by which people identify, examine, and develop their own individual values

A

Values Clarification

19
Q

Process to help client clarify values:

A
  1. List alternatives
  2. Examine possible consequences
  3. Choose freely
  4. Feeling about the choice
  5. Affirm the choice
  6. Act with a pattern
20
Q

The process of learning to tell the difference between right and wrong

A

Moral development

21
Q

Three types of Moral Theories:

A
  1. Consequence-based theories
  2. Principles & Duties or Principles-based theories
  3. Relationships-based Theories
22
Q

Hold only the consequences of actions matter morally. Focused on outcomes of an action in judging if it’s right or wrong

A

Consequence-based Theories

23
Q

Actions are morally right if and only they maximize the good

A

Utilitarianism

24
Q

Logical and formal process & emphasize individual rights, duties & obligations

A

Principles-based Theories

25
Q

It stresses courage, generosity, commitment & the need to nurture and maintain relationships.

A

Relationships-based Theories

26
Q

moral norms derive their normative force
from the idea of contract or mutual
agreement

A

Contractarian Ethics

27
Q

moral judgments must be made within the context of the entirety of a situation and that all normative features of a situation must be viewed as a whole.

A

Situation Ethics

28
Q

An action is morally right if the consequences of that action are more favorable than unfavorable only to the agent performing the action.

A

Ethical Egoism

29
Q

Acceptance of a conduct code based on absolute, indisputable rights and duties

A

Ethical Absolutism

30
Q

views moral values as entirely relative to different societies and contexts

A

Ethical Relativism

31
Q

an approach that focuses on character
with the assumption that a person of good
character will tend to behave in ways that
are consistent with their character.

A

Virtue Ethics

32
Q

Professional Values:

A
  1. Altruism
  2. Autonomy
  3. Human Diginity
  4. Integrity
  5. Social Justice

BIOETHICS (7 decks)

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