Week Four Flashcards
What is the primary and secondary function of the larynx?
Primary function:
- Guard the airways during sallowing
- Allows pressure build-up for physical exertion
- Modifies upper airway resistance
Secondary function:
- Phonation for speech
List the paired and unpaired cartilages of the larynx:
Unpaired:
- Thyroid
- Cricoid
- Epiglottis
Paired:
- Arytenoid
- Corniculate
- Cuneiform
What level is the hyoid bone located at?
C3
What are the only functionally mobile points of the larynx?
The cricothyroid and cricoarytenoid joints
Where is the larynx located?
Extends from 3-4 to 6th cervical vertebra
What is the purpose of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles?
-Fine adjustments to the vocal mechanism
-Important in speech
What is the purpose of the extrinsic laryngeal muscles?
- Position of the larynx ( i.e., elevation or depression)
- Important in swallowing
List the intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscles
Intrinsic:
- Cricothyroid
- Lateral cricoarytenoid
- Posterior cricoarytenoid
- Oblique Arytenoid
- Transverse Arytenoid
- Thyroarytenoid Vocalis
- Thyroarytenoid Muscularis
Extrinsic:
- Thyrohyoid
- Sternohyoid
- Omohyoid
- Sternothyroid
- Digastricus
- Mylohyoid
- Geniohyoid
-Genioglossus
- Stylohyoid
- Hyoglossus
Categorise the intrinsic laryngeal muscles into adductors, abductors, glottal tensors, glottal relaxers
Adductors:
- Lateral cricoarytenoid
- Transverse Arytenoid
- Oblique Arytenoid
Abductors:
- Posterior cricoarytenoid
Glottal tensors:
- Cricothyroid
- Thyroarytenoid Vocalis
Glottal relaxers:
- Thyroarytenoid Muscularis
Categorise the extrinsic laryngeal muscles into laryngeal elevators and depressors
Elevators:
- Digastricus
- Genioglossus
- Geniohyoid
- Hyoglossus
- Mylohyoid hyoid
- Stylohyoid
Depressors:
- Omohyoid
- Sternohyoid
- Sternothyroid
- Thyrohyoid
What are the layers of the vocal cord?
1) Cover
- epithelium and superficial layer of mucosa
2) Transition
-Deep layers of mucosa
3) Body
-Thyroarytenoid muscle
