week eleven - vascular system

Question 1

describe the blood flow through the heart starting with deoxygenated blood

Answer 1

Deoxygenated blood → Sup vena cava → R atrium → tricuspid valve → R vent → pulmonary valve → pulmonary a → lungs for gas exchange + returns oxygenated via → pulmonary v. → L atrium → mitral valve → L ventricle → aortic valve → aorta

Question 2

list three major blood vessels of the heart

Answer 2

1. brachiocephalic 1st and largest
2. L common carotid
3. left subclavian

these carry blood –> head, neck, upper limbs

Question 3

describe the venous drainage

Answer 3

1. internal.jugu.v units w subclavian v [of upper limbs]= brachiocephalic v.
2. R/L brachiocephalic unites = sup.vena caval = deliverys head/neck deoxy blood –> R atrium

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE

the LEFT brachiocephalic vein is longer than the RIGHT

Answer 4

too true x

Question 5

briefly describe the common carotid artery

Answer 5

lies in carotid sheath and travels through neck

bifurc. into int/ext. carotid at sup.border of thyroid cartilage on either side of trachea

Question 6

describe the internal carotid artery

Answer 6

• deep - hidden by SCM musc
• houses carotid sinus [baroreceptors [[stretch - senses change in BP]]
• houses carotid body [chemoreceptors [[pH, CO2,temp]]]

Question 7

describe the external carotid artery

Answer 7

branches in asc order
1. sup. thyroid
2. asc pharyngeal
3. lingual
- supps tx sup. to hyoid bone, FOM, tongue

4. facial
   - supps tx of face in oral, buccal, zygomatic, nasal, infraorbital, submand, tonsils, musc of palate
   branches in facial branch
   - angular a.
   - nasal a.
   - sup.labial a
   - inf.labial a
5. occipital
6. posterior auricular
7. maxillary
   - THREE PARTS
   - supp structures of oral cav, nose, meninges, muscle FOM, MOM, tympanic cav

mandibular
- all of the branches that arise before artery crosses lat.pt musc
- these branches enter bone via foramina

pterygoid
- branches that arise whilst artery crosses lat.pt musc
- all branches insert into musc

pterygopalatine
- branches arising after artery crosses lat.pt musc and enter pterygopalatine fossa
- all branches enter bone via foramina

8. superficial temporal
   - supps parotid gland duct, temporalis, scalp