Week 9 practical Flashcards
What upper limb bone articulates with the axial skeleton?
The clavicle is the only limb bone that articulates with the axial skeleton at the manubrium at the sternoclavicular joint.
Why is the clavicle frequently fractured? What part of the clavicle is fractured?
The clavicle is often fractures at the midregion, as the clavicle transmits mechanical forces from the entire upper limb of the trunk and is a long, slender bone.
What is the appearance of someone with a broken clavicle?
The proximal clavicle fragment is pulled supriorly by the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the distal portion is pulled inferior. Hence, when the clavicle is broken the shoulder appears slumped forward.
What do the trapezoid and conoid ligaments together comprise?
The coracoclavicular ligament.
What is the coracoclavicular ligament?
The combination of the trapezoid and conoid ligaments.
What is the glenohumeral joint?
The glenohumeral joint is the articulation between the scapula and the humerus.
What muscles attach the to tubercles of the humerus?
The rotator cuff muscles.
Where do the rotator cuff muscles attach on the humerus?
The tubercles.
What artery and nerve is closely anatomically related to the surgical neck? What risk does this impose?
The axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery is closely associated with the surgical neck and thus, may be damaged in a fracture.
When tendon is located in the intertubercular sulcus?
The long tendon of the biceps brachii.
What artery and nerve does the radial groove contain?
The radial nerve and deep brachial artery.
What does the capitulum articulate with?
The head of radius
What does the trochlea articulate with?
The trochlear notch of the ulnar.
Where does the ulnar nerve run?
Over the posterior surface of the medial epicondyle.
Describe the articulations between the radius, ulnar and carpal bones.
The radius articulates with the carpal bones at the wrist joint, and an articular fibrocartilaginous disc and meniscus intervenes between the ulna and carpal bones.
What are the articulations between the radius and ulnar?
The radius and ulnar articulate with each other at the proximal and distal radioulnar joints, and are united along their length by the interosseous membrane, which is considered a fibrous syndesmosis joint.
What are the two facets of the radius for articulation with carpal bones?
Articulation for scaphoid and articulation for lunate.
Is the styloid process of the radius or ulnar more distal?
The styloid process of the radius is more distal than that of the ulnar.
How many carpals, metacarpals and phalanges are there?
8, 5 and 14 respectively.
What are the carpal bones?
scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform (proximal row);
trapexium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate (distal row).
Which bones articulate with the radius?
The scaphoid and lunate.
Which carpal is a sesamoid bone?
The pisiform.
What are the knuckles formed by?
The articulation between the head of metacarpals and the base of the proximal phalanges.
What is the carpal tunnel?
The carpal tunnel is an anteriorly concave channel formed by the carpal bones through which several tendons and the medial nerve pass.
