Week 9: Eating Disroders And Substance-Related Disorders Flashcards
What is the DSM-5 criteria for anorexia nervosa?
- restriction of energy intake relative to requirements, learning to a significantly low body weight in the context of age, sec, developmental trajectory and physical health
- intense fear of gaining weight or of becoming fat, or persistent behaviour that interferes with weight gain, even at a significantly low weight
- disturbance in the way in which one’s body weight or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape on self-evaluation
What is the DSM-5 criteria for bulimia nervosa?
- binge eating: eating in a discrete period of time, an amount of food that is definitely larger than what most individuals would eat in a similar period of time, and a sense of lack of control over eating during the episode
- recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviours in order to prevent weight gain, such as self-induced vomiting; misuse of laxatives, or other medication; fasting; or excessive exercise
- binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviours both occur, average at least once week for 3 months
- self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight
What is the DSM-5 criteria for binge-eating disorder?
- binge eating: eating n a discrete period of time, an amount of food that is definitely larger that what most people would eat in a similar period of time
- binge eating episodes are associated with these of the following: eating more rapidly, eating until uncomfortably full, large amounts of food when not feeling physically hungry, eating alone because of embarrassment, feeling disgusting with oneself, depressed or very guilty
- marked distress regarding binge eating
- binge eating occurs on average at least once a week for 3 months
What are factors that contribute to eating disorder?
- adolescents, particular those with other mental health concerns
- individuals with family history
- women, and during key transition periods (increased stress)
- athletes, dancers, gymnasts, models
- people seeking help for weight loss
What are the areas of overlap between eating disorders?
Anorexia nervosa-restricting subtype and anorexia nervosa-binge-eating subtype has a high likelihood of crossover
Moving from anorexia nervosa-binge-eating subtype to bulimia nervosa has moderate likelihood, with the vice versa a small likelihood.
Moving from binge-eating disorder to bulimia nervosa has a small likelihood, with the vice versa an extremely small likelihood
What is the trans-diagnostic model for EDs?
Focuses on common features of EDs such as over evaluation of weight and shape, and their control
Proposes that EDs are maintained by shared processes.
What are the variations in treatment models for EDs?
Family-based treatment (FBT): responsibility of regulation is given to parents, responsibilities are eventually given back
Enhanced cognitive behvaiour therapy: establish monitoring of eating, thoughts, behaviour, education regarding body weight, address mechanisms that maintain ED
Schema therapy
Compassion focused therapy
What is the difference between substance abuse and substance dependence?
Substance abuse: excessive, potentially hazardous or functionally impactful use
Substance dependence: more severe, physiological need or dependence including tolerance and withdrawal
What is the bio psychosocial model of alcohol use disorders?
Biological: MCLP centre of psychoactive drug activation, genetic vulnerability (alcohol-risk personality, exposure and learning)
Psychosocial: failures in parental guidance, psychological vulnerability, stress, tension reduction and reinforcement, expectations of social success and marital or relationship crisis
What are the variations in treatment for alcohol use disorders?
Psycho education re substance use and its effects, training in coping skills in situations where there is risk of consumption, modifying cognitions and expectancies, stress management skills
